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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference ▲ | Description |
|---|---|
| A2371.2.8 | Why he-goat has shaggy legs. Braved the wolf, who tore his legs. Dh III 46. |
| A2371.2.9 | Why diver (loon) holds legs backward. (See A2215.6.) |
| A2371.2.10 | Why kangaroo has short front legs. (See A2284.1.) |
| A2371.2.11 | Why hare has short pair of legs. Dh III 23.—Finnish: Aarne FFC VIII 13 No. 73. |
| A2371.2.12 | Why daddy-long-legs has long legs. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2371.3 | Why animal lacks legs. |
| A2371.3.1 | Why snake has no legs. (See A2234.2, A2236.2.1, A2241.8.)—Dh I 116, 207, 216, 219f.—Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2371.4 | Origin of color of animal's legs. |
| A2371.4.1 | Why curlew has red legs. Australian: Dixon 292. |
| A2371.4.2 | Why fox's legs are black. Am. Negro (Georgia): Harris Friends 10. |
| A2375 | Origin and nature of animal's feet. Dh III 45ff. |
| A2375.1 | Where animal got feet. |
| A2375.2 | Nature of animal's feet. |
| A2375.2.1 | Why partridge has pretty feet. Exchanged with peacock. (Also told of jay and flamingo.) (See A2241.)—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2375.2.2 | Why peacock has ugly feet. (See A2232.7, A2236.2.2, A2375.2.1.) |
| A2375.2.3 | Why dog has hairy paws. Stole from rabbit. (See A2245.) |
| A2375.2.4 | Why rabbits have soft pads on feet. Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 222. |
| A2375.2.5 | Why hyena has short left hind foot. Deceived into jumping by jackal. (See A2284.6.) |
| A2375.2.6 | Why mole has hand like man. Dh I 156. |
| A2375.2.7 | Why mole's "hands" are turned backward. Sinkyone: Kroeber JAFL XXXII 349. |
| A2375.2.8 | Explanation of duck's feet. Calif. Indian: Gayton and Newman 73; S. Am. Indian (Chiriguano): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 178. |
| A2375.2.9 | Why toad has no thumbs. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2375.2.10 | Why the guinea fowl has red feet. Cheated and could not stand the ordeal of hot oil poured on his feet. Cameroon: Mansfield 226. |
| A2376 | Animal characteristics: claws and hoofs. |
| A2376.1 | Why cow has cloven hoof. Dh. III 47.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2376.1.1 | Why ass does not have cloven hoof. Jewish: Neuman. |
| A2376.2 | Dog's claws as grains under paws. In the great famine, God leaves the dog grain under his paws. From this grows new seed. Estonian: Aarne FFC XXV 143 No. 29. |
| A2376.3 | Why porcupine has only four claws. Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 226, 246. |
| A2376.4 | How crab got its claws. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2376.5 | Why crab has legs like teeth of a comb. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2377 | Animal characteristics: wings. |
| A2377.1 | Why emu has no wings. (See A2284.1.) |
| A2378 | Origin and nature of animal's tail. Dh III 47ff. |
| A2378.1 | Why animals have tail. (See A2286.2.4.) |
| A2378.1.1 | Where baboon got tail. (See A2262.2.) |
| A2378.1.2 | Where rat got tail. (See A2241.7.) |
| A2378.1.3 | Where lizard got tail. From the snake. (Cf. A2247.)—Finnish: Aarne FFC VIII 20 No. 110, XXXIII 55 No. 110; Jewish: Neuman. |
| A2378.1.4 | Where mole got tail. Traded eyes for it. (See A2247, A2332.6.5.)—Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 38 No. 287. |
| A2378.1.5 | Where squirrel got tail. (See A2241.7, A2242.) |
| A2378.1.6 | Where beaver got tail. (See A2241.10.) |
| A2378.1.7 | How dog got its tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.1.8 | How monkey got its tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.1.9 | How peacock got its tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.2 | Why animals lack tail. |
| A2378.2.1 | Why quail has no tail. Tricks crab into pulling out tail instead of killing her. Says that gripping her neck would not hurt but that pulling tail will be fatal. Dh III 54.—Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 87 No. 90a; Jewish: Neuman, India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.2.2 | How goats lost tails. (See A2216.2.) |
| A2378.2.3 | How frogs lost tails. (See A2231.4, A2236.3.)—Jewish: Neuman. |
| A2378.2.4 | How bear lost tail. (See A2216.1.) |
| A2378.2.5 | Why hydrax has no tail. (See A2235.) |
| A2378.2.6 | How frog lost tail. (See A2242, lent to squirrel.)—Dh III 54. |
| A2378.2.7 | How toad lost tail. Dh III 54.—Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 38 No. 287. |
| A2378.2.8 | Why flies lack tail. Africa (Duala): Ebding 142ff. |
| A2378.3 | Why animal has long tail. |
| A2378.3.1 | How magpie got long tail. (See A2236.4.) |
| A2378.3.2 | How muskrat got long, thin tail. Dh III 51. |
| A2378.3.3 | How wolf got long tail. (See A2215.1; Cf. A2262.) |
| A2378.3.4 | Why fox has long tail. (See A2213.4.2.) |
| A2378.4 | Why animal has short tail. |
| A2378.4.1 | Why hare has short tail. (See A2215.2, A2262.)—Dh III 47ff.—Japanese: Ikeda; Virginia (negro): Smiley JAFL XXXII 361; Antigua: Johnson JAFL XXXIV 67. |
| A2378.4.2 | Why bear has short tail. (Cf. A2378.2.4.)—Loucheux: Barbeau JAFL XXVIII 256. |
| A2378.4.3 | Why marmot has short tail. Dh III 51. |
| A2378.4.4 | Why tortoise has short tail. (See A2216.4.)—Dh III 52ff.—Jewish: Neuman. |
| A2378.4.5 | Why jackal's tail is short. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.4.6 | Why monkey has short tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.4.7 | Why crow has short tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.5 | Why animal has forked tail. |
| A2378.5.1 | Why swallow has forked tail. (See A2214.1.) Dh III 54.—Cf. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 87 No. 85; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3100, Legends Nos. 28, 192, 262. |
| A2378.5.2 | Why hawk has forked tail. (See A2216.5.) |
| A2378.6 | Why animal has bushy tail. |
| A2378.6.1 | Why fox has bushy tail. Virginia (negro): Smiley JAFL XXXII 361. |
| A2378.7 | Why animal has flat tail. |
| A2378.7.1 | Why beaver has flat tail. (See A2247.6, A2241.10, A2378.1.6.) Dh III 51. |
| A2378.7.2 | Why magpie's tail is like a chisel. Lithuanian: Balys Legends No. 262. |
| A2378.8 | Origin of color of animal's tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.8.1 | Why end of fox's tail is white. (See A2215.5.) |
| A2378.8.1.1 | Why end of fox's tail is black. Central American: Krickeberg Märchen der Azteken und Inkaperuaner 282. |
| A2378.8.2 | Why tail of West African grey parrot is red. Ibo (Nigeria): Basden 276. |
| A2378.8.3 | Why tip of weasel's tail is black. Plains Ojibwa: Skinner JAFL XXXII 290. |
| A2378.8.4 | Why tip of ermine's tail is black. (See A2218.) Dh III 74. |
| A2378.8.5 | Why minivet has red tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.8.6 | Why swallow has black feathers in tail and only two feathers. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.8.7 | Why bird has two beautiful feathers in his tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.9 | Nature of animal's tail—miscellaneous. |
| A2378.9.1 | Why king-salmon is thick around root of tail. Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 242. |
| A2378.9.1.1 | Why salmon has tapering tail. Icel.: MacCulloch Eddic 146, Boberg. |
| A2378.9.2 | Why baboons have crooked tails. (See A2262.2.) |
| A2378.9.3 | Why hares have cotton tail. Deity rubs cotton on hare. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.9.4 | Why deer's tail tastes like liver. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2378.9.5 | Why rat's tail looks like a folded leaf. (Cf. A2317.12.3)—New Hebrides: Codrington 360. |
| A2380 | Animal characteristics: other bodily features. |
| A2381 | Flesh of animal. |
| A2381.1 | Why hog has good flesh. (See A2221.1.)—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2382 | Why animal is a hybrid. |
| A2382.1 | Magpie is a hybrid of dove and raven; was not baptized by water of the flood in Noah's time. (Cf. A2291.)—England: Baughman. |
| A2385 | Excrements of animals. |
| A2385.1 | Why dung of ass is triangular. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 86 No. 58d. |
| A2385.2 | Why red dog's excrement contains animal hair. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2385.3 | Honey as excrement of bees. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2385.4 | Why cat hides its excreta. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2386 | Gall-bladder of animal. |
| A2391 | Nature of bird's eggs. |
| A2391.1 | Why canary's eggs are yellow. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 65. |
| A2400 | Animal characteristics: general appearance. |
| A2401 | Cause of animal's beauty. |
| A2402 | Cause of animal's ugliness. |
| A2402.1 | Cause of serpent's ugliness. (See A2286.0.1.) |
| A2402.2 | How ostrich lost beautiful feathers. (See A2252.3.) |
| A2410 | Animal characteristics: color and smell. |
| A2411 | Origin of color of animal. |
| A2411.1 | Origin of color of mammals. |
| A2411.1.1 | Origin of color of felidae. |
| A2411.1.1.1 | Color of leopard. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 69. |
| A2411.1.1.2 | Color of jaguar. Dh III 62. |
| A2411.1.2 | Origin of color of mustelidae. |
| A2411.1.2.1 | Why weasel is white with dark tip to tail. Plains Cree: Skinner JAFL XXIX 350. |
| A2411.1.2.1.1 | Why weasel is part black. Chinese: Graham. |
| A2411.1.2.2 | Color of ermine. Loucheux: Barbeau JAFL XXVIII 257. |
| A2411.1.2.3 | Color of otter. Dh III 64. |
| A2411.1.2.4 | Color of skunk. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 71. |
| A2411.1.2.5 | Color of mink. Singed by sun. (See A2218).—Dh III 84. |
| A2411.1.3 | Color of canidae and other carnivora. |
| A2411.1.3.1 | Color of fox. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 64, 66. |
| A2411.1.3.2 | Color of coyote. (See A2218.)—Dh III 79. |
| A2411.1.4 | Origin of color of rodentia. |
| A2411.1.4.1 | Color of squirrel. (See A2218.)—Dh III 76f.; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.1.4.2 | Color of beaver. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 71. |
| A2411.1.4.3 | Color of rat. Dh III 91.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.1.4.4 | Color of hare. |
| A2411.1.4.4.1 | Why hare is grey in summer. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges (A2411.1.22). |
| A2411.1.5 | Origin of color of primata. |
| A2411.1.5.1 | Color of monkey. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.1.5.1.1 | Why ape has red back. China: Eberhard FFC CXX 177 No. 119, 411 s.v. "Affenmutter". |
| A2411.1.5.2 | Color of baboon. |
| A2411.1.5.2.1 | Why baboon's face and hands are black. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.1.6 | Origin of color of ungulata. |
| A2411.1.6.1 | Color of horse. Dh III 86. |
| A2411.1.6.2 | Color of hippopotamus. (See A2247.3.) |
| A2411.1.6.3 | Red color of bush-buck. From blood. (Cf. A2219.1.)—Ila (Rhodesia): Smith and Dale 366 No. 17. |
| A2411.1.6.4 | Color of cow. Dh I 188—191, III 86.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.1.6.5 | Color of deer. (See A2218.)—Dh III 79, 88. |
| A2411.1.6.6 | Color of elk. Dh III 88. |
| A2411.1.6.7 | Color of rhinoceros. (See A2247.3.) |
| A2411.1.7 | Origin of color of other mammals. |
| A2411.1.7.1 | Origin of color of hyena. (365 colors): Jewish: Neuman. |
| A2411.2 | Origin of color of bird. Lithuanian: Balys Index Nos. 3158, 3165, Legends No. 261f.; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 127; Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian (Canadian Dakota): Wallis JAFL XXXVI 66; (Southern Ute): Lowie JAFL XXXVII 32 No. 18, 69 No. 38, (Tahltan): Teit JAFL XXXII 208f.; S. Am. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 39f. |
| A2411.2.1 | Origin of color of passeriformes. |
| A2411.2.1.1 | Color of thrush. (See A2222.1, A2218).—Dh III 76. |
| A2411.2.1.2 | Color of water-ousel. Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 38 No. 49. |
| A2411.2.1.3 | Color of wag-tail. Lithuanian: Balys Legends No. 262. |
| A2411.2.1.4 | Color of swallow. (See A2218, A2219.1, A2221.2.4.1.)—Dh III 64, 75, (Cf. III 58).—Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2411.2.1.5 | Color of raven. (See A2237.1, A2234.1, A2231.1, A2218.1).—Dh III 59, 63, 65, 143.—Greek: Frazer Apollodorus II 15 n. i; Finnish: Aarne FFC VIII 16 No. 90, XXXIII 54 No. 90; Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Eskimo (Labrador): Hawks GSCan XIV 160, (Alaska): Jenness 71, (East Greenland): Rasmussen I 146, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 220, (Smith Sound): Kroeber JAFL XII 174, (Central Eskimo): Boas RBAE VI 641; N. A. Indian (Tahltan): Teit JAFL XXXII 203, (Upper Thompson): Teit JAFL XXIX 329. |
| A2411.2.1.6 | Color of crow. (See A2219.1)—Dh III 59, 65f.—Lithuanian: Balys Legends No. 262; Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 87 No. 90a; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "corbeaux".—Japanese: Ikeda; Thompson River: Teit JAFL XXIX 329; Calif. Indian: Gayton and Newman 58. |
| A2411.2.1.7 | Color of rook. (See A2218)—Dh III 75. |
| A2411.2.1.8 | Color of jay. Dh III 86. |
| A2411.2.1.9 | Color of blackbird. (See A2218)—Dh III 71. |
| A2411.2.1.10 | Color of magpie. Dh III 63. |
| A2411.2.1.11 | Color of sparrow. (See A2218)—Dh III 75.—Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2411.2.1.12 | Color of goldfinch. Dh. III 185.—Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 88 No. 94c. |
| A2411.2.1.13 | Color of red-bird. Dh III 63. |
| A2411.2.1.14 | Color of canary. Flemish: DeMeyer FFC XXXVII 88 No. 94b. |
| A2411.2.1.15 | Color of trumpet-bird (psophia crepitans). (See A2218)—Dh III 82. |
| A2411.2.1.16 | Color of starling. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.2.1.17 | Color of martin. Eskimo (East Greenland): Rasmussen I 146. |
| A2411.2.2 | Origin of color of falconiformes. |
| A2411.2.3 | Origin of color of charidriiformes. |
| A2411.2.3.1 | Color of woodcock. Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 38 No. 49. |
| A2411.2.4 | Origin of color of caraciiformes. |
| A2411.2.4.1 | Color of woodpecker. See A2219.1; Dh III 70, 89. |
| A2411.2.4.2 | Color of owl. Eskimo (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 220. |
| A2411.2.5 | Origin of color of ciconiiformes. |
| A2411.2.5.1 | Color of cormorant. (See A2218.)—Dh III 77. |
| A2411.2.5.2 | Color of heron. (See A2218.)—Dh III 82. |
| A2411.2.5.3 | Color of stork. Dh III 59. |
| A2411.2.5.3.1 | Why stork has black back. Lithuanian: Balys Legends Nos. 233, 236, 238f., 243ff. |
| A2411.2.5.4 | Color of gull. Eskimo (Alaska): Jenness 71. |
| A2411.2.6 | Origin of color of other birds. |
| A2411.2.6.1 | Color of loon. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 69—71. |
| A2411.2.6.2 | Color of swan. Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 38 No. 49. |
| A2411.2.6.3 | Color of goose. Dh III 89. |
| A2411.2.6.4 | Color of duck. Eskimo (Alaska): Jenness 71. |
| A2411.2.6.5 | Color of turkey. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 70. |
| A2411.2.6.6 | Color of guinea-fowl. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 67.—Am. Negro (Georgia): Harris Nights 193 No. 33; Africa (Cameroon): Mansfield 226. |
| A2411.2.6.7 | Color of peacock. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.2.6.8 | Color of partridge. (See A2218, A2219.1.)—Dh III 62, 75.—Lithuanian: Balys Legends No. 261; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.2.6.9 | Color of pheasant. Dh III 62. |
| A2411.2.6.10 | Color of cuckoo. Type 235; Dh III 140.—Finnish: Aarne FFC VIII 17 No. 94; Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 38 No. 49. |
| A2411.2.6.11 | Color of parrot. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 70.—India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Cameroon): Mansfield 234. |
| A2411.3 | Origin of color of insect. Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2411.3.1 | Origin of color of bee. Dh I 129.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.3.2 | Color of spider. (See A2221.2.3.) |
| A2411.4 | Origin of color of fish. |
| A2411.4.1 | Color of halibut. (See A2219.1.)—Dh III 67.—Tsimshian: Boas RBAE XXVII 58ff. |
| A2411.4.2 | Color of perch. (See A2218.)—Dh III 75. |
| A2411.4.3 | Color of burbot. (See A2218.)—Dh III 75. |
| A2411.5 | Color of reptiles and other animal forms. |
| A2411.5.1 | Color of turtle. Dh III 63. |
| A2411.5.2 | Color of frog. Dh III 63, 89. |
| A2411.5.3 | Color of snail. (See A2218.)—Dh III 85. |
| A2411.5.4 | Color of mussel. Dh III 90. |
| A2411.5.5 | Why earthworm is red at one end. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2411.5.6 | Color of chameleon. |
| A2411.5.6.1 | Why chameleon can change his color. (Cf. A2223.8.) —Africa (Fang): Einstein 96, (Togo): Einstein 10f. |
| A2411.5.7 | Color of shrimp. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 234. |
| A2412 | Origin of animal markings. (See A2211.12, A2221.3, A2221.7.) —Calif. Indian: Gayton and Newman 61, 75. |
| A2412.0.1 | Creator sends two deities to tatoo all creatures: origin of animal markings. Marshall Is.: Davenport 222. |
| A2412.1 | Markings of mammals. |
| A2412.1.1 | White markings on deer. Liberian: Bundy JAFL XXXII 417. |
| A2412.1.2 | Spots on leopard. Liberian: Bundy JAFL XXXII 411f. |
| A2412.1.3 | Why coyote has yellow patch behind his ears. (See A2218.4.) |
| A2412.1.4 | Why kangaroo-rat has white band around his body. (See A2218.4.) |
| A2412.1.5 | Why elephant has white marks on its body. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2412.1.6 | Why peccary has spots. S. Am. Indian (Yagua): Steward-Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 736. |
| A2412.2 | Markings on birds. (See A2211.7.) |
| A2412.2.1 | Markings on tail-feathers of ruffed grouse. Ojibwa: Jones JAFL XXIX 370. |
| A2412.2.2 | Markings of francolin. (See A2232.6.) |
| A2412.3 | Markings on insects. Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2412.3.1 | Why louse has mark on his back. Korean: Zong in-Sob 36 No. 20. |
| A2412.3.2 | Origin of butterflies' marks. Korean: Zong in-Sob 39 No. 23. |
| A2412.4 | Markings on fish. (See A2217.3, A2213.2.)—Eskimo (Labrador): Hawks GSCan XIV 155. |
| A2412.4.1 | Markings on sun-fish. (See A2217.3.) |
| A2412.4.2 | Markings on king-salmon. Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 242 (red marks below ears). |
| A2412.4.2.1 | Why salmon has purple belly. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A2412.4.3 | Markings on cod-fish. From devil's fingers.—Fb "torsk" III 830a. |
| A2412.4.4 | Cross on crab's back. Saintyves Saints Successeurs 245f. |
| A2412.4.5 | Markings on flying fish. New Guinea: Kerr 25. |
| A2412.5 | Markings on other animals. |
| A2412.5.1 | Markings on tortoise's back. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2412.5.2 | Why toads have warts on their backs. (Cf. A2356.2.)—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2412.5.2.1 | Why frog is spotty all over. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2413 | Origin of animal's stripes. |
| A2413.1 | Stripes of zebra. Ila (Rhodesia): Smith and Dale 369 No. 19. |
| A2413.2 | Stripes of chipmunk. (See A2217.2.)—Dh III 57. |
| A2413.3 | Stripes of squirrel. Dh III 56.—India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham. |
| A2413.4 | Stripes of tiger. Dh III 58.—India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham. |
| A2413.5 | Stripes of alligator. Dh III 58.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2413.6 | Stripes of cony. Dh III 58. |
| A2413.7 | Stripes on trout. Eskimo (Labrador): Hawks GSCan XIV 155. |
| A2416 | Origin and nature of animal's smell. *Dh III 233f. |
| A2416.1 | Bad smell of goat. (See A2232.5.)—Dh III 233; Fb "gjedebuk" IV 178b.—Ibo (Nigeria): Thomas 125; Africa (Ekoi): Talbot 226, (Cameroon): Mansfield 227. |
| A2416.2 | Burnt smell of mink. Dh III 234. |
| A2416.3 | Bad smell of skunk. Dh III 233.—Central America: Krickeberg Märchen der Azteken und Inkaperuaner 254. |
| A2416.4 | Burnt smell of wolverine. Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 248. |
| A2416.5 | Why ram smells bad. Sébillot RTP II 492. |
| A2416.6 | Why bugs smell bad. Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 39 No. 62. |
| A2416.7 | Why herrings have bad odor. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| A2420 | Animal characteristics: voice and hearing. |
| A2421 | How animal got voice. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3168, Legends Nos. 263—270; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2421.1 | How night-swallow got voice. Esthonian: Aarne FFC XXV 147 No. 51. |
| A2421.2 | How woodcock got voice. Traded with turkey. (See A2247).—Dh III 123. |
| A2421.3 | Where crow got voice. Traded with thunder-bird. (See A2247).—Dh III 126. |
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