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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference | Description ▲ |
|---|---|
| B541.2 | Fox rescues man from sea. Type 506; BP III 494ff.;—N. A. Indian: Thompson CColl II 405ff. (Passamaquoddy, Shuswap). |
| B736.4 | Fox sheds tears. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B212.1 | Fox understands human speech. Nouvelles Récréations No. 29. |
| B15.7.4 | Fox with eight-forked tail. Japanese: Anesaki 325, Ikeda. |
| B535.0.6 | Frog as nurse for child. India: Thompson-Balys; S. A. Indian (Warrau): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 146. |
| B784.2.3 | Frog is enticed from patient's mouth by offering it a piece of cheese. England: Baughman. |
| B215.4 | Frog language. *Type 671. |
| B784.0.1 | Frog living in person's stomach rises into throat, croaks every spring. England: Baughman. |
| B548.2.2.1 | Frog recovers keys from sea. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| B548.5 | Frog recovers Sacred Host from water. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| B547.4 | Frog rescues man from kingdom of the snakes. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B375.2 | Frog returned to spring: grateful. Teaches hero animals' language (Cf. B217).—*Type 670B; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B126.1 | Frog with magic knowledge. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B292.9.1 | Frog works in fields for benefactor. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B776.0.1 | Garlic juice dangerous to poisonous animals. Penzer II 296. |
| B56 | Garuda-bird. Lower part man, upper part bird.—*Penzer I 103, VII 56 n. X 159; Chauvin V 228, VII 12.—Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 345.—Indonesian: Dixon 224.—Panchatantra (trans. Ryder) 94ff.; Penzer-Tawney X 159 "Garuda". |
| B240.6 | Gazelle as king of animals. Africa (Luba): De Clerq Zs. f. Kolonialspr. IV 195f. No. 8. |
| B15.7.5 | Ghormuhas: men's bodies, horses' heads, one leg, cannibals. (Cf. B21.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B876 | Giant amphibia and other animal forms. |
| B870 | Giant animals. (Cf. B16.1, B16.4, B15.7.12)—Coulter Trans. Am. Philological Association LVII 32ff. |
| B873.4 | Giant ant. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B871.2.9 | Giant armadillo. S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 71. |
| B872.4 | Giant auk. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 430. |
| B31.4 | Giant bat. *Chauvin VII n. 9. |
| B871 | Giant beasts. |
| B31.6.2.1 | Giant bird alighting on oak tree causes it to tremble. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B31.6.2 | Giant bird pulls up oak tree by roots. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B31.6.1 | Giant blackbird. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B871.1.2.0.1 | Giant boar with hinder part as large as can be carried by nine men. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B871.1.2 | Giant boar. Irish myth: Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B871.1.1.3 | Giant buffalo. |
| B871.1.1.2 | Giant bull. Irish myth: Cross; *Loomis White Magic 82. |
| B871.1.6 | Giant cat. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B874.6 | Giant clam. Tahiti: Beckwith Myth 266. |
| B871.1.1 | Giant cow. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B876.2.1 | Giant crab. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 249, 472; Chauvin VIII 83 No. 373bis n. 1. |
| B875.2 | Giant crocodile. *Chauvin VII 86 No. 373bis n. 8; Jewish: *Neuman; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 480.—Africa (Fang): Einstein 36f., Trilles 158. |
| B876.2 | Giant crustacean. |
| B16.1.4.1 | Giant devastating boar. Irish myth: Cross; Icel.: *Boberg; Greek: Fox 82; Italian: Basile Pentamerone I No. 2; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B16.1.2.1 | Giant devastating hound. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B16.5.1 | Giant devastating serpent. India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 144f.—Africa (Chaga): Stamberg Zs. f. Eingeborenen-Spr. XXIII 296ff., Gutmann Volksbuch der Wadschagga 82f. No. 41, (Ganda): Baskerville King of the Snakes 1ff., (Senegambia): Béranger-Feraud Recueil de Contes Populaires de la Senegambia II 185ff. No. 2, (tribes of Western Sudan): Tauxier Le Noir du Yatengo 496 No. 1. |
| B16.1.4.2 | Giant devastating sow. Irish myth: Cross; Icel.: MacCulloch Celtic 187, *Fb "sø" III 450a. |
| B16.2.4 | Giant devastating wolf overcome by hero. Icel.: Boberg. |
| B871.1.7 | Giant dog (hound). Irish myth: Cross; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 114, Holm 24. |
| B871.1 | Giant domestic beasts. |
| B872.1 | Giant eagle. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B874.2 | Giant eel. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B871.2.1 | Giant elephant. Icel.: *Boberg; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 737, II 409; Africa (Mpongwe): Nassau 37 No. 5. |
| B872.3 | Giant falcon. Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 207. |
| B874 | Giant fish. *Chauvin VII 8 No. 373A n. 2; *Reinhard PMLA XXXVIII 447 n. 81; Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 40, 269f., 1014, II 29; Japanese: Ikeda.—Eskimo (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 78, (Central Eskimo): Boas RBAE VI 640, (West Hudson Bay): Boas BAM XV 539. |
| B878 | Giant flock of animals (birds.) |
| B878.1 | Giant flock of birds. |
| B876.1 | Giant frog. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| B871.1.4 | Giant goat. Africa (Benga): Nassau 202 No. 32. |
| B872.2 | Giant gull. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 455, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 195. |
| B871.2.8 | Giant hare. Icel.: Boberg. |
| B871.2.4 | Giant hippopotamus. Chauvin VII 86 n. 5. |
| B871.1.2.1 | Giant hog. Fb "svin" III 676a.; India: Thompson-Balys; Irish myth: Cross. |
| B871.1.5 | Giant horse: hair from the tail is seven yards. Nornagests th. ch. 7 p. 67. |
| B873 | Giant insects. |
| B16.2.3 | Giant lion overcome by hero. Babylonian: Jensen Gilgamesch-Epos VIII; Greek: Fox 80; Icel.: *Boberg; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B871.2.5 | Giant lion. Malone PMLA XLIII 402f.; Irish myth: Cross. |
| B873.1 | Giant louse. *Type 621; *BP III 483 (Gr. No. 212). See also all references to F983.2. |
| B16.6.1 | Giant man-eating ants. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B16.2.8 | Giant man-eating mice. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B81.13.5 | Giant mermaid (man) cast ashore. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B81.9.4 | Giant mermaid. Irish myth: Cross. (Cf. [b]B81.13.13.) |
| B871.2.7 | Giant mice. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B877 | Giant mythical animals. |
| B871.1.1.1 | Giant ox. Persia: Carnoy 289; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| B871.2.3 | Giant panther. *Chauvin VII 86 n. 6. |
| B31.3 | Giant ravens. They sit on mountain; when they fly, avalanche comes. —Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 323 No. 139. |
| B875 | Giant reptiles. |
| B874.1 | Giant river catfish. Ladino: Conzemius BBAE CVI 130f. |
| B874.4 | Giant salmon. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B873.2 | Giant scorpion. *Chauvin VII 86 No. 373bis.; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| B877.1.2 | Giant sea monster overpowered by saint. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B877.1 | Giant sea monster. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B875.1 | Giant serpent. *Chauvin VII 10 No. 373B n. 2; Jataka Index s.v. "Naga".—Icel.: MacCulloch Eddic 216f.; Norwegian: Solheim Register 17; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 181; Irish myth: Cross; Missouri-French: Carrière; Jewish: Neuman; Japanese: Ikeda.—Eskimo (Greenland): Thalbitzer 5; Tonga: Gifford 178; Ladino: Conzemius BBAE CVI 169.—S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 57, 59, 71. |
| B874.5 | Giant shark. Marquesas: Handy 110. |
| B871.1.3 | Giant sheep. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B873.3 | Giant spider. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 347. |
| B31.3.1 | Giant swimming raven. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B871.2.2 | Giant tiger. *Chauvin VII 86 n. 7. |
| B875.4 | Giant tortoise. Jewish: Neuman; Africa (Zulu): Callaway 339. |
| B875.3 | Giant turtle. *Chauvin VII 16 No. 373C n. 2. |
| B871.2.6 | Giant walrus. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B877.1.1 | Giant water monster attacks man. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B874.3.2 | Giant whale cast ashore on the night of Christ's Nativity: "fifty men were on the upper parts of its head, and (there was) the limit of vision between each two of them. Such was the amount of ground which the animal occupied. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B874.3 | Giant whale. Irish myth: Cross; Marquesas: Handy 116. |
| B871.2 | Giant wild beasts. |
| B877.2 | Gigantic animal ("reem"). Jewish: *Neuman. |
| B871.1.2.1.1 | Gigantic hog-rib (in otherworld). Irish myth: Cross. |
| B244.1.3 | Gigantic hood of serpent king. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 796. |
| B871.1.1.1.1 | Gigantic ox-rib (in otherworld). Irish myth: Cross. |
| B784.1.6 | Girl eats plums and maggots in them; maggots multiply inside her body. England: Baughman. |
| B848.2 | Girl removes dog from lion's claws without being harmed. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| B549.1 | Girl saved by lion from ravishment. (Cf. B443.)—Alphabet No. 775; *Loomis White Magic 58; U.S.: Baughman. |
| B784.1.4 | Girl swallows frog spawn; an octopus grows inside her with tentacles reaching to every part of her body. Eng.: Baughman. |
| B26.1 | Girl with tiger's legs and ears. Indo-Chinese (Wa tribe): Scott 291. |
| B610.1 | Girl's animal lover slain by spying relatives. BP I 69f. (Gr. No. 8a).—Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 267 No. 78.—N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 345 n. 244. |
| B19.4 | Glowing animals. Horses, swine, etc. which glow. (Cf. B15.4.2.) —*Wuttke Der deutsche Volksaberglaube der Gegenwart 59; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. s.v. "glühend"; *Fb "gloende".—Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman; Icel.: Boberg. |
| B535.0.3 | Goat as nurse for child. Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B535.1 | Goat feeds other animals from its body. Permits them to feed from it internally.—Africa (Benga): Nassau 202 No. 32. |
| B103.3.1 | Goat giving coins instead of milk. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B15.3.2.2 | Goat with a gold and a silver horn. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| B53.3 | Gold thrown on shore by siren. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "or". |
| B756 | Gold-digging ants. *Chauvin VII 87 No. 373bis; **F. Schiern Ueber den Ursprung der Sage von den goldgrabenden Ameisen (Copenhagen-Leipzig, 1873). |
| B103.1.5 | Gold-making bird. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 35f. |
| B103.1.4 | Gold-making deer. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 35ff. |
| B103.1.1 | Gold-producing ass. Droppings of gold.—*Type 563; **Aarne JSFO XXVII (1909) 1—96; Cox 510 n. 54; Penzer V 11 n. 1; *BP I 349ff. (Gr. No. 36).—Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "âne"; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 10; Missouri French: Carrière; Italian: Basile Pentamerone I No. 1; Philippine: Fansler MAFLS XII 196; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| B103.1.3 | Gold-producing dog. Droppings of gold.—Penzer V 11 n. 1; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 35f. |
| B103.0.6 | Gold-producing lion. Penzer I 20 n. |
| B103.0.3 | Gold-producing ram. Penzer I 20 n. |
| B103.0.4 | Gold-producing serpent. Penzer I 20 n. |
| B102.1 | Golden bird. Bird with golden feathers. *Type 550.—Cox 510 n. 54; Fb "fugl", "guldfugl", "fjer"—India: Thompson-Balys; Hindu: Keith 149, Tawney II 507; Panchatantra (trans. Ryder) 333; Missouri French: Carrière. |
| B102.5 | Golden calf. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B143.1.5 | Golden cock warns against attack. Icel.: *Boberg. |
| B102.8 | Golden crab. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 249. |
| B102.3 | Golden deer. India: *Thompson-Balys; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 1131. |
| B102.7 | Golden dog. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B102.4 | Golden fish. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "poisson"; India: Thompson-Balys; Irish myth: Cross. |
| B102.1.3 | Golden goose. India: Thompson-Balys; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 581, 1264. |
| B102.1.1 | Golden hawk. Icel.: *Boberg. |
| B102.2 | Golden horse. (Cf. B181.)—Cox 510 n. 54; Fb "guldhest"; Danish: Kristensen Danske Sagn III (1895) 461ff., (1931) 316ff.; Icel.: *Boberg; India: Thompson-Balys; Missouri French: Carrière. |
| B102.1.2 | Golden peacock. India: Thompson-Balys; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 1052. |
| B102.6 | Golden serpent. German: Grimm No. 136. |
| B291.1.5 | Goose as messenger. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B582.1.1.1 | Goose brings master sleeping princess. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B671 | Goose mates with crow. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 884. |
| B271.2 | Grain as damages for injury to cat. Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 294 No. 10. |
| B350 | Grateful animals. *Types 329, 480, 531, 554, 554*, 559: *BP I 207ff. (Gr. No. 24), 227, II 21 (Gr. Nos. 17, 62, 191), 454 n. 1, III 18ff. (Gr. No. 126), 365 (Gr. No. 191); Hartland Perseus III 193ff.; Clouston Tales I 223ff.; Penzer I 100f., V 157ff., VI 291, VIII 219, IX 156; *Chauvin II 107 No. 71; *Saintyves Perrault 32ff.—Irish myth: Cross.—Greek: **Marx Griechische Märchen von dankbaren Tieren; *Frazer Apollodorus I 86 n. 2; Arabian: Burton SV 326; India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Anesaki 322; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "fourmi".—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 316 n. 146a., CColl II 327f., 333, 342, 417; Indonesian: De Vries's list Nos. 56, 65ff., 135; Malay: Dixon 216; *ibid. 218 n. 23; Philippine: Fansler MAFLS XII 167.—Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 214 No. 31. |
| B587.3 | Grateful bull draws one hundred carts for wager for master. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 29. |
| B560.1 | Grateful dragon king gives hero advice. Korean: Zong in-Sob 170, No. 73. |
| B11.6.1.2 | Grateful dragon saves hero and rescues him from prison. Chinese: Eberhard 180. |
| B375.1.1 | Grateful fish grants mad hero his wish: to impregnate a princess. Later the fish saves the hero and his family from death at sea.—Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| B514.1 | Grateful fox fetches fox liver as remedy. Japanese: Mitford 261ff. |
| B524.6 | Grateful hare raises animal army for hero. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B524.1.9 | Grateful hawk attacks hero's enemies. Chinese: Graham. |
| B380.1 | Grateful hyena leads lost hermit from wilderness as reward for his help. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| B103.0.4.1 | Grateful snake gives gold piece daily. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B103.4.2.1 | Grateful snake spits out lump of gold for his rescuer. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B583.1 | Grateful whales disgorge gold. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B523.3 | Great clam fights hero's pursuer. Tahiti: Beckwith Myth 260. |
| B731.2 | Green horse. Howey Horse in Magic and Myth 7. |
| B731.1 | Green she-goat. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "chèvre". |
| B42 | Griffin. Half lion, half eagle.—*Chauvin VII 13 No. 313B; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. III 1129f.; Penzer I 104, 141 n. 2; Irish myth: Cross; Icel.: *Boberg; Jewish: Neuman. |
| B576.1.1 | Guardian animals evaded. N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 367 n. 113a. |
| B147.2.2.2 | Gull as bird of ill-omen. *Fb "mеge". |
| B11.3 | Habitat of dragon. |
| B625.0.1 | Half-man, half-fish as wooer. S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 30. |
| B291.3.2 | Hare (rabbit) as messenger. |
| B754.1.2 | Hare changes sex periodically. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B557.11.3 | Hare rides on winged elephant. Africa (Cameroon): Meinhof 12. |
| B15.3.4.1 | Hare with horns. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B291.3.2.1 | Hares carry taxes to court. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B82.1.2 | Harp music makes merman restore stolen bride. *Fb "havmand" I 571a, II 725. |
| B52 | Harpy. Bird with arms and breasts of woman.—Greek: Fox 111, *Grote I 216f.; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 564. |
| B291.1.10 | Hawk as messenger. Africa (Pooloki): Einstein 105. |
| B152.3 | Hawk lighting on man points out criminal. Korean: Zong-in-Sob 123 No. 59. |
| B15.1.1 | Headless animals. *Fb "hovedløs" IV 223a. |
| B15.1.1.1 | Headless dog. North Carolina: Brown Coll. I 636. |
| B510 | Healing by animals. |
| B11.2.9 | Heart of dragon. Fb "hjærte" 631b. |
| B191.5 | Hedgehog builds castle. Icel.: Boberg. |
| B493 | Helpful amphibian. |
| B491.4.2 | Helpful angleworm. Chinese: Graham. |
| B319.2 | Helpful animal acquired as reward for vigil. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| B313 | Helpful animal an enchanted person. *Types 314, 328 (FFC LXXXIII), 402, 510, 530, 531, 532, 533, 545, 550, 551. |
| B314 | Helpful animal brothers-in-law. *Type 552; *BP III 424ff.—Missouri French: Carrière. |
| B536 | Helpful animal cares for wounded (sick) master. |
| B322 | Helpful animal demands food. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "viande", "oiseau"; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| B562.1.0.1 | Helpful animal discovers jewel. Africa (Swahili): Steere 13ff., Meinhof Afrikanische Märchen 9ff. No. 1, Bateman 99ff. No. 7. |
| B531.4 | Helpful animal drops magic food. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B311.1 | Helpful animal foster brother. Hero reared by animal's parents. —Africa (Akan-Ashanti): Rattray Akan-Ashanti Folk Tales 206 No. 53, (Kassonke): Monteil Contes Soudanais 126ff. |
| B336 | Helpful animal killed (threatened) by ungrateful hero.—Spanish Exempla: Keller.—Africa (Hausa): Mischlich Neue Märchen aus Afrika 164ff. No. 22, Frobenius Atlantis IX 277ff., 287ff., Nos. 74 and 75, (Swahili): Steere Swahili Tales 13ff., Meinhof Afrikanische Märchen 9ff. No. 1, Bateman Zanzibar Tales 99ff. No. 7. |
| B335 | Helpful animal killed by hero's enemy. *Types 510, 533; *BP III 60ff.; *Cox Cinderella 477 n. 7.—India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Ikeda.—N. A. Indian (Menomini): Hoffman RBAE XIV 236. |
| B331 | Helpful animal killed through misunderstanding. |
| B319 | Helpful animal otherwise acquired. |
| B312.4 | Helpful animal purchased. India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Swahili): Steere Swahili Tales 13ff., Meinhof Afrikanische Märchen 9ff. No. 1, Bateman Zanzibar Tales 99ff. No. 7. |
| B531.3 | Helpful animal recovers magic food-producing skin from river bottom. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B313.2 | Helpful animal reincarnation of murdered child. German: Grimm No. 47. |
| B313.1 | Helpful animal reincarnation of parent. The dead mother appears to the heroine in the form of an animal.—*Cox Cinderella 475 n. 4; BP I 187, III 60ff.—India: *Thompson-Balys, *Cosquin Contes indiens 505ff.; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| B319.1 | Helpful animal sent by God (or a god). Irish myth: Cross. |
| B527.2 | Helpful animal stops leak in Noah's Ark. Dh I 276ff. |
| B300 | Helpful animal. See also entire section B300—599, especially B350.—*Krappe "Guiding animals" JAFL LV (1942) 228—246; "Warning animals" FL LIX (1948) 8—15.—*Toldo Studien zur vgl. Littgsch. VIII 38.—Irish myth: Cross.—Hindu: Penzer I 101f., V 157f., 163f., VI 291, VIII 219.—India: Thompson-Balys.—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 316 n. 146.—Philippine: Fansler MAFLS XII 313. |
| B341 | Helpful animal's injunctions disobeyed. Disaster follows.—Type 531; MacCulloch Childhood 229; Missouri French: Carrière; N. A. Indian (Menomini): Hoffman RBAE XIV 183, (Zuсi): Cushing 54. |
| B312.3 | Helpful animal(s) bequeathed to hero. Italian Novella: Rotunda; India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Hausa): Best Black Folk Tales 71ff., Tremearne Hausa Superstitions and Customs 374ff. No. 79; Madagascar: (Marofotsy) Renel Contes de Madagascar I 65ff. No. 9. |
| B312.1 | Helpful animals a gift. German Grimm No. 60, 126; Irish myth: Cross; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 40 No. 300; Icel.: Boberg, Þiðriks saga I 314—18; India: Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| B312.2 | Helpful animals obtained by exchange. *Type 300; *Hartland Perseus III 195; De Gubernatis Zool. Myth. III 36 n.—N. A. Indian: Thompson CColl II 329ff. |
| B312 | Helpful animals obtained by purchase or gift. |
| B526.1 | Helpful animals quench execution fire. Master is to be burned at stake.—Dh I 315. |
| B318 | Helpful animals transformed from other animals. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B481.1 | Helpful ant. (Cf. B362.)—Fb "myre". Fable: Halm Aesop No. 296, Wienert FFC LVI 59 (ET 201), 127 (ST 356).—Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "fourmi", "animaux".—Missouri-French: Carrière.—Africa (Fjort): Dennett 126.—India: *Thompson-Balys; Indonesian: Dixon 217, De Vries Volksverhalen I No. 67, II No. 170; Chinese: Graham. |
| B443.2 | Helpful antelope. Southeastern Africa: Macdonald FL III 352ff. No. 4. |
| B441.1.1 | Helpful ape. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 180.—Africa: Rochemonteix Quelques Contes Nubiens 48ff. No. 4, 55ff. No. 5, Basset Contes populaires d'Afrique 133ff. No. 52, (Bambara): Travélé Proverbes et Contes Bambara 200f. No. 65, (Temne): Schlender 87ff. No. 7, (Swahili): Steere 13ff. |
| B402 | Helpful ass. *Fb "æsel" III 1155a.—India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B433.2 | Helpful badger. Jewish: Neuman; Japanese: Mitford 270ff. |
| B437.1.1 | Helpful bandicoot. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B449.3 | Helpful bat. N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 318 n. 151 b. |
| B435.4 | Helpful bear. *Fb "Bjørn" IV 42a, 43a.—Italian Novella: Rotunda; Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Missouri-French: Carrière. |
| B481.3 | Helpful bee. *Fb "bi" IV 36b.—Finnish: Kalevala rune 15; Italian Novella: Rotunda; Jewish: Neuman; Japanese: Ikeda, Anesaki 323. |
| B524.2.1 | Helpful bees (hornets) sting opposing army. Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman, Bin Gorion Born Judas III 113ff.; India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Anesaki 323. |
| B536.1 | Helpful bird cares for blinded master. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B317 | Helpful bird hatched by hero. Hero holds eagle's egg in hand and hatches it. Young eagle becomes his helper.—German New Guinea: Dixon 141. |
| B524.1.6 | Helpful bird kills snake attacking master's wife and child. Africa (Mbundu): JAFL XXXV 136ff. No. 16. |
| B322.2 | Helpful birds demand food. Chinese: Graham. |
| B457 | Helpful birds—charidriiformes. |
| B463 | Helpful birds—ciconiiformes. |
| B461 | Helpful birds—coraciiformes. |
| B455 | Helpful birds—falconiformes. |
| B469 | Helpful birds—miscellaneous. |
| B451 | Helpful birds—passeriformes. |
| B450 | Helpful birds. *Köhler-Bolte I 185, 277; *Type 781; *Chauvin II 109 No 73, V 242 No. 142; *Basset 1001 Contes III 295; *Fb "fugl"; Wesselski Märchen 231.—Welsh: MacCulloch Celtic 101; Irish myth: Cross; English: Child Eng.-Scot. Pop. Ballads II 113 n., 356ff., 362f., 365f., III 4, 8; IV 412, 482, 485f.; V 234.—Italian Novella: Rotunda; Missouri French: Carrière.—Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys Japanese: Ikeda.—Indonesian: De Vries' List No. 209.—Mono-Alu: Wheeler 20, 36, 46, 60f.—Papua: Ker 41, 45, 57, 64, 103.—New Hebrides: Codrington No. III 8. N. A. Indian (Pawnee): Alexander N. Am. 81.—Africa (Benga): Nassau 140 No. 16, (Ekoi): Talbot 233, (Angola): Chatelain 145 No. 14, (Kaffir): Theal 37, 47, 127, (Swahili): Steere 199, (Basuto): Jacottet 104 No. 15. |
| B411.4.1 | Helpful bison. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B414.1 | Helpful boar. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B411.4 | Helpful buffalo. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B524.1.5.1 | Helpful buffaloes save hero from tiger. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B524.1.5 | Helpful buffaloes tramp hero's enemies to death. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B411.1 | Helpful bull. (Cf. B182.3.1.)—Cox Cinderella 365 (Swedish).—Irish myth: Cross.—Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "animaux".—India: Thompson-Balys.—N. A. Indian (Wyandot): Thompson CColl II 412; Missouri-French: Carrière. |
| B411.5 | Helpful bullock. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B481.3.1 | Helpful bumblebee. Africa (Ganda): Baskerville 8ff. |
| B411.3 | Helpful calf. Fb "kalv". |
| B405 | Helpful camel. India: Thompson-Balys. Africa (Hausa): Tremearne FL XXII 464ff. No. 50, Hausa Superstitions and Customs 380ff. No. 80. |
| B422 | Helpful cat. *Types 402, 545, 560; *BP I 325, II 30, 455, III 487; *Aarne MSFO XXV 48; *Dh IV 147ff.; *Fb "kat" II 108a.—Irish myth: Cross; Italian Novella: Rotunda; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "chat"; Missouri French: Carrière; Scotch: Campbell II 279, *284ff.; India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Mitford 253; Korean: Zong in-Sob 28 No. 12; Tonga: Gifford 201. |
| B484.1 | Helpful caterpillar. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule (B489.2). |
| B524.1.10 | Helpful centipede kills ogre. Chinese: Graham. |
| B491.4.1 | Helpful centipede. Chinese: Graham, Eberhard FFC CXX 30.—Africa (Benga): Nassau 208 No. 33. |
| B469.5.1 | Helpful chicken. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B469.5 | Helpful cock. *Type 670; *Aarne FFC XV 49ff.; Missouri-French: Carrière; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys.—Africa (Fjort): Dennett 105 No. 29. |
| B579.2 | Helpful cow strikes at flies, while boy eats. Chinese: Graham. |
| B335.7 | Helpful cow to be killed because of refusal to help stepdaughter. Chinese: Graham. |
| B411 | Helpful cow. (Cf. B354.)—*Type 510A; Cox passim.—Halm Aesop No. 173, Wienert FFC LVI *70 (ET 347), 127 (ST 358).—Irish myth: Cross.—Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "animaux"; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham, Eberhard FFC CXX 52 No. 32. |
| B495.1 | Helpful crab. India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Mpongwe): Nassau 41 No. 6. |
| B463.3 | Helpful crane. India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Ikeda, Anesaki 323.—N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 340 n. 227. |
| B486.2 | Helpful cricket. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B491.3 | Helpful crocodile. India: Thompson-Balys.—Africa (Madagascar): Sibree FLJ I 2-2ff., Larrouy RTP IV 305, (Temne): Schlenker Temne Traditions 87ff. No. 7. |
| B451.4 | Helpful crow. India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham.—Africa (Hausa): Tremearne FL XXII 464ff. No. 50, Hausa Superstitions and Customs 380 ff. No. 80. |
| B495 | Helpful crustacean. |
| B469.8 | Helpful cuckoo. Lithuanian: Balys Index Nos. 454f. |
| B443.1 | Helpful deer (stag, doe). *Fb "hjort", "hind".—Irish myth: Cross; Saints' legend (Irish): Plummer cxlii—cxliv.—Jewish: Neuman.—India: *Thompson-Balys.—Korean: Zong in-Sob 22 No. 11.—Africa (Angola): Chatelain 159 No. 19. |
| B421 | Helpful dog. (Cf. B524.1.1, B268.2.1. War-dogs.) *Types 300, 400, 560; *BP II 455ff., I 331, 547; *Emeneau "The Faithful Dog as Security for a Debt," Journal of the American Oriental Society LXI 1—17; *Hartland Perseus III 191ff.; *Aarne MSFO XXV 48; *Dh IV 147ff.—Fable: Halm Aesop No. 173; *BP III 290; Wienert FFC LVI *70 (ET 347), 127 (ST 358).—Irish myth: Cross; Icel.: *Boberg.—Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "chien", "mort", "nourriture"; *Fb "hund" IV 226b; Alphabet of Tales No. 271.—English: Wells Manual of Writings 121 (Sir Triamour); Scotch: Campbell I 7; French Canadian: *Barbeau JAFL XXIX 15, 20; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 48 No. 327; Jamaican: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 270 No: 82.—Jewish: Neuman. India: *Thompson-Balys.—Japanese: Anesaki 322, Ikeda; Korean: Zong in-Sob 93 No. 51.—Africa (Zulu): Callaway 51, 142, (Basuto): Jacottet 56 No. 9, 140 No. 20, (Kaffir): Kidd 226 No. 1, Theal 126, (Benga): Nassau 140 No. 16, (Angola): Chatelain 127 No. 12; N. A. Indian (Thompson River): Teit JAFL XXIX 304 (Type 403). See references in B524.1. |
| B312.4.1 | Helpful dogs obtained by purchase. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| B473 | Helpful dolphin. *Chauvin V 4 No. 2; *Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 868.—Jewish: Neuman; Greek: Fox 101. |
| B400 | Helpful domestic beasts. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B457.1 | Helpful dove. (Cf. B362.)—Fable: Halm Aesop No. 296, Wienert FFC LVI 59 (ET 201), 127 (ST 356); Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "talisman".—Missouri-French: Carrière, Italian Novella: Rotunda.—Jewish: Neuman; Irish myth: Cross; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B498.1 | Helpful dragon. (Cf. B11.)—Italian Novella: Rotunda, Swiss Jegerlehner Oberwallis 328 No. 17; Chinese: Graham. |
| B469.4 | Helpful duck. Fb "and" IV 12b.—Japanese: Anesaki 321, Ikeda; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B482.2 | Helpful dungbeetle. Type 559; *BP II 454 n. 1. |
| B455.3 | Helpful eagle. See references in B322.1.—*Fb "fjer", "ørn" IV 1183b; Köhler-Bolte I 545, 560, *561; Reinhard PMLA XXXVIII 433 nn. 24, 26; Gaster Exempla 186 No. 5; Fables: Halm Aesop Nos. 92, 120, Babrius No. 144, Wienert FFC LVI 70 (ET 338, 339), 127 (ST 353).—Irish myth: Cross; Greek: Fox 118; Finnish: Kalevala rune 7; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "oiseau", "nid".—Missouri French: Carrière; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys.—German New Guinea: Dixon 141f.; Africa (Vai): Ellis 242 No. 49. |
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