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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference | Description ▲ |
|---|---|
| D661 | Transformation as punishment. *Dh II 99ff., 123ff., III 284ff., 404ff., 426ff., IV 262; *Type 751A, 368*, 402*; *Fb "fisk" I 296b, "sten" III 553b, 554a; *BP III 168, 462; Köhler-Bolte I 154; Bolte Zs. f. Vksk. XXIX 69; Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 413.—Icelandic: *Boberg; Finnish: Kalevala rune 33; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 97 No. 836A*; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "amoureux"; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 313 No. 82; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 343 (Niobe), Fox 29 (Io); Jewish: Neuman; Tahiti: Dixon 65; Africa (Fjort): Dennett 89 No. 22, 105 No. 29. |
| D661.1 | Transformation as revenge for repulsing amorous advances. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D663 | Transformation as reward. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D565.7 | Transformation at touch of magic dogskin. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D517 | Transformation because of disobedience. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.8 | Transformation by angel (God). Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D595 | Transformation by application of blood. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D562.1 | Transformation by application of water. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D587 | Transformation by baptism. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D562 | Transformation by bathing. *Chauvin V 4 No. 2, VIII 43f. No. 11; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformations"; Irish myth: *Cross.—Indonesian: Dixon 216; India: *Thompson-Balys; Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D576 | Transformation by being burned. (Cf. D1787.)—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 349 n. 256, also most of references in n. 259.—Indonesian: DeVries list 239, DeVries Volksverhalen II 356 No. 100; Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D585 | Transformation by binding with string around neck. India: *Thompson-Balys, Penzer VI 39f., 56ff., VII 44 n. 1. |
| D588 | Transformation by blowing. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D577 | Transformation by braiding hair. Africa (Ila, Rhodesia): Smith and Dale II 395 No. 18. |
| D511 | Transformation by breaking name tabu. (Cf. C430.) |
| D510 | Transformation by breaking tabu. Tahiti: Beckwith Myth 468; Eskimo (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 154. |
| D572.7 | Transformation by celestial dew. Jewish: Neuman. |
| D537 | Transformation by changing clothes. Icelandic: Arnason (Powell and Magnusson tr.) II 246, Boberg.—N. A. Indian (Micmac): Rand Nos. 5, 16, 17. (Caughnawaga): Harrington JAFL XIX 127f., cf. (Yana): Curtin Creation Myths of Primitive America (Boston 1898) 312ff.—Cf. Fb. "klæder" II 200a. |
| D572.3 | Transformation by cloth. German: Grimm No. 99. |
| D584 | Transformation by contemplation. Penzer VI 20f. |
| D574 | Transformation by crossing water. Scotch: McKay Beal III 139. |
| D566.4 | Transformation by decapitation. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D537.2 | Transformation by donning cloak. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D537.1 | Transformation by donning hood. (Cf. D1067.3.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D537.4 | Transformation by donning wig. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D555.1 | Transformation by drinking from animal's track. (Cf. D578.)—*Type 450; *Sartori Zs. f. Vksk. IV 41ff. |
| D555.2 | Transformation by drinking wine. Korean: Zong in-Sob 27. |
| D555 | Transformation by drinking. *Type 450; BP I 86ff.; MacCulloch Childhood 159. See also references to D550.—Italian Novella: Rotunda; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus II 287 n. 2; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.9 | Transformation by druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D551.1.1 | Transformation by eating apple. *Fb "æble" III 1136a; Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Apfel" n. 11.—Icelandic: Boberg; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "pomme"; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 62 No. 449. Cf. Type 566. |
| D551.1.2 | Transformation by eating apricot. Chinese: Werner 203. |
| D551.4 | Transformation by eating bread. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.2.1 | Transformation by eating cabbage. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 48 No. 327*D. |
| D551.2.2 | Transformation by eating cicuta. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 63 No. 453. |
| D551.3 | Transformation by eating flesh. Icelandic: Boberg.—Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 162; Japanese: Ikeda; American Indian (Creek): Swanton BBAE LXXXVII 32f., (Ladino): Conzemius BBAE CVI 130f.; Argentina: Jijena Sanchez 23. |
| D551.2.4 | Transformation by eating flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.1 | Transformation by eating fruit. (Cf. D981.) Cf. Type 566. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.2.6 | Transformation by eating garlic. Korean: Zong in-Sob 3. |
| D551.5 | Transformation by eating leaf from a tree. Falcon is returned to form of girl. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D551.2.7 | Transformation by eating manioc. Africa (Dahomé): Einstein 27. |
| D551.2.5 | Transformation by eating onions. Korean: Zong in-Sob 21. |
| D550 | Transformation by eating or drinking. *MacCulloch Childhood 158.—Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 313 n. 132a. |
| D551.1.3 | Transformation by eating pear. Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Birnbaum". |
| D551.6.2 | Transformation by eating rice mixed with perspiration. Africa (Bushman): Bleek and Lloyd 85. |
| D551.6.3 | Transformation by eating snake eggs. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.6.2.1 | Transformation by eating sticky rice. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 60. |
| D551.2 | Transformation by eating vegetable. (Cf. D983.)—Type 567; *BP III 6; *Aarne MSFO XXV 143ff. (Cf. D132.1.) |
| D551.6 | Transformation by eating—miscellaneous. |
| D551 | Transformation by eating. *MacCulloch Childhood 158; *Penzer VI 56. |
| D563 | Transformation by encircling object thrice. Fb "rundt" III 96a.—N. A. Indian (Zuсi): Parsons JAFL XXXI 243 No. 16 (four times). |
| D683.6 | Transformation by evil spirits. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D512 | Transformation by expressing astonishment at marvel. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.7 | Transformation by fairy. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D575 | Transformation by fumigations. Burning of magic perfume transforms. (Cf. D1245.)—Chauvin V 87 No. 27. |
| D683.5 | Transformation by god (goddess). Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D684 | Transformation by helpful animals. *Type 329. |
| D591 | Transformation by immersing in magic well. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D561 | Transformation by jumping over. The person, animal, or object jumped over is transformed. American Indian (Zuсi): Parsons JAFL XXXI 243 No. 16, (Canadian Dakota): Wallis JAFL XXXVI 97 No. 26, (Cheyenne): Campbell JAFL XXIX 407 No. 1. |
| D561.3 | Transformation by jumping three times. Korean: Zong in-Sob 58. |
| D565.5 | Transformation by kiss. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 56 No. 408A*; Irish myth: Cross; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformations." |
| D565.3 | Transformation by licking. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D579 | Transformation by looking in a mirror. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| D583 | Transformation by lousing. Maori: Dixon 55. |
| D684.0.1 | Transformation by magic animal. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D582.2 | Transformation by magic needle. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D572 | Transformation by magic object. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D572.6 | Transformation by magic powder. Korean: Zong in-Sob 230 No. 99. |
| D572.1 | Transformation by magic stick. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 276, 280. |
| D683 | Transformation by magician. Kittredge Witchcraft 184 n. 97; Irish myth: *Cross; See also all notes to D615.1. |
| D572.5 | Transformation by means of magic stone. Icelandic: *Boberg; Africa (Fang): Einstein 53. |
| D683.7.1 | Transformation by offspring of fairy and mortal. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.8.1 | Transformation by pinching flower (life token). German: Grimm No. 9. |
| D596.1 | Transformation by placing bewitched flower on head. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.6.1 | Transformation by placing pill in mouth. (Cf. D1243.)—Hindu: Penzer VII 42 n. 1, 222; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D596 | Transformation by placing something on head. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D523.1.1 | Transformation by playing flute. Chinese: Graham. |
| D523.1 | Transformation by playing musical instrument. |
| D515 | Transformation by plucking flowers in enchanted garden. Type 451. |
| D532 | Transformation by putting on claw, feather, etc. of helpful animal. Types 552A, 553; *BP III 434; Eskimo (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XXII 13. |
| D537.3 | Transformation by putting on moustache. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D530 | Transformation by putting on skin, clothing, etc. |
| D531 | Transformation by putting on skin. By putting on the skin, feathers, etc. of an animal, a person is transformed to that animal.—Fb "and"; Icel.: Völsunga saga ch. 8; Irish myth: *Cross; English: Child II 494, III 518, IV 495a, V495 s.v. "seals"; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham; Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 313 n. 132; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen I 364, II 13, III 75, 143, 262, Rink 146, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 181, (Central Eskimo): Boas RBAE VI 617, (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 468, (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XVI 95; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 271 No. 84; North Carolina Negro: Parsons JAFL XXX 187; Surinam: Alexander Lat. Am. 274.—See also all references under D361.1. (Swan Maiden). |
| D536 | Transformation by removing chains from neck. |
| D572.2 | Transformation by ring. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| D561.1 | Transformation by rolling. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 81. |
| D594 | Transformation by rubbing with ointment. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.4 | Transformation by saint. *Toldo Studien zur vgl. Littgsch. V 343; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D527 | Transformation by scolding. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 468. |
| D565.10 | Transformation by scratching. Brazil: Jijena Sanchez 37. |
| D565.4 | Transformation by seizing ears. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 86 No. 754C*. |
| D565.5.1 | Transformation by sexual intercourse. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D564.2 | Transformation by smelling flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D564.3 | Transformation by smelling powders. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D564.4 | Transformation by smelling wine. (Cf. D562.2.)—Korean: Zong in-Sob 56. |
| D564 | Transformation by smelling. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D561.2 | Transformation by somersault. Chinese: Graham; Argentina: Jijena Sanchez 31, 38, 59. |
| D573 | Transformation by spell (charm). |
| D578 | Transformation by stepping in footprint. (Cf. D555.1.)—Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D582 | Transformation by sticking magic pin into head. (Cf. D765.1.2., D1182.)—Fb "knappenеl" II 211b; *Cosquin Indiens 58ff.; Penzer VI 61. |
| D582.1 | Transformation by sticking nails into feet. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D566.2 | Transformation by striking with stone. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D566.1 | Transformation by striking wolf-skin glove. Icelandic: Hrуlfs saga Kraka 50. |
| D566 | Transformation by striking. Livonian: Loorits FFC LXVI 90 No. 80. |
| D567 | Transformation by sunlight. *BP III 89 n. 2. |
| D575.1 | Transformation by throwing ashes. Africa: Milligan 141. |
| D571 | Transformation by throwing object or person. |
| D571.1 | Transformation by throwing rice on person. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D565.0.1 | Transformation by touching ground on return from fairyland. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.6 | Transformation by touching water. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.8 | Transformation by touching with flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D565.2 | Transformation by touching with rod. Irish myth: *Cross; Greek: *Frazer Apollodorus I 70 n. 1, II 287 n. 2; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D565 | Transformation by touching. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.3 | Transformation by troll. Fb "trold" III 852b. |
| D568 | Transformation by turning magic hood. Irish: MacCulloch Celtic 175, *Cross. |
| D565.4.1 | Transformation by twisting one's own ear. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D585.1 | Transformation by tying charm around person's neck. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D562.2 | Transformation by urine. (Cf. D441.5, D441.6, D564.4, D1006.) —India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D599 | Transformation by various means—miscellaneous. |
| D560 | Transformation by various means. |
| D513 | Transformation by violation of looking tabu. (Cf. C300.) |
| D572.4 | Transformation by wand. German: Grimm No. 56, 60. |
| D683.2 | Transformation by witch (sorceress). *Types 403, 405, 410, 450, 451; *Kittredge Witchcraft 183f. nn. 91—96; *Fb "grime" I 484.—Irish myth: *Cross; Italian Novella: Rotunda; Greek: Fox 137 (Circe); Spanish: *Boggs FFC XC No. 449; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D573.1 | Transformation by written spell. Korean: Zong in-Sob 85. |
| D615.3 | Transformation combat between lover and maid. BP II 68; Child V 499 s.v. "transformations". |
| D615.5 | Transformation combat between saints. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D615 | Transformation combat. Fight between contestants who strive to outdo each other in successive transformations.—*Penzer III 195 n. 1, 203ff., VIII 80 n. 1; Mitra *The Magical Conflict in Santali, Ao Naga Folklore (Man in India IX 173—80); Chauvin V 2 No. 2, 5 No. 443, 199 No. 116, VI 86 No. 252, 110 No. 274; Cosquin études folkloriques 570ff.; Köhler-Bolte I 138, 588.—Egypt: Müller 126 (Horus and Seth); Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 256 n. 3 (Hercules and Achelous); Irish myth: *Cross; Welsh: MacCulloch Celtic 110; Finnish: Kalevala rune 28; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 289; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 361; Hawaii: Dixon 90f; Tuamotu: Stimson MS (T-G. 3/1001); N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 311 n. 117e; Eskimo (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 220, (West Hudson Bay): Boas BAM XV 319, (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 85, (Greenland): Rasmussen II 96; S. A. Indian (Eastern Brazil): Lowie BBAE CXLIII 1 434. |
| D615.1 | Transformation contest between magicians. Finnish: Kalevala rune 27; Lappish: Qvigstad FFC LX 50 No. 89; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 169, 242; Africa: Milligan Jungle 100. |
| D615.2 | Transformation contest between master and pupil. *Type 325; *BP II 68; *Köhler-Bolte I 138, 556; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformation"; India: *Thompson-Balys; Missouri-French: Carrière. |
| D696 | Transformation during sleep. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D623 | Transformation every ten days. Icelandic: Volsungasaga 15. |
| D671 | Transformation flight. Fugitives transforms themselves in order to escape detection by the pursuer.—*Types 313, 325, 327; **Aarne Die magische Flucht (FFC XCII); *Fb "and" IV 12b, "rose" III 80a.—Irish myth: *Cross; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformations"; Greek: Grote I 182; Jewish: Neuman; Arabian: Burton Nights V 353; India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Ikeda; Philippine (Tinguian): Cole 75, 17 n. 1; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen I 327, 367, III 124, Rink 195, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 182; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 334 n. 205b; S. A. Indian (Sharanti, Comacan, Mashacalí): Horton BBAE CXLIII 3 294, (Mundurucu): Horton ibid. 3 281; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 274 No. 86.—Africa (Kaffir): Theal 98, (Zulu): Callaway 21, (Basuto): Jacottet 206 No. 30, Casalis Les Bassoutos (Paris 1859) 349. |
| D661.3 | Transformation for violation of vow. Greek: Grote I 162. |
| D53 | Transformation in health. |
| D659.13 | Transformation in order to drive buffaloes to milking. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D641.3 | Transformation in order to enter rival's stomach. (Cf. D651.2.) Tonga: Gifford 76. |
| D657.3 | Transformation in order to steal fire. S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 7, (Choco): ibid. 112. |
| D23.1 | Transformation into a boatman. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "batelier". |
| D29.1 | Transformation into a churl (bachlach). Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D25.2 | Transformation into a cleric (monk). Irish myth: Cross. |
| D24.3 | Transformation into a swineherd. Irish myth: Cross (D23). |
| D28 | Transformation into giant. Irish myth: Cross (D29.1.) |
| D29.2 | Transformation into juggler. Irish myth: Cross (D26). |
| D27 | Transformation into leper. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D294 | Transformation into puff of dust. Tuamotu: Stimson MS (z-G. 13/203). |
| D151.2.1 | Transformation into snowbunting. Eskimo (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 220. |
| D25 | Transformation layman to professional man. |
| D113.3 | Transformation man to fox. *Fb "ræv" III 113a; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. III 179.—Irish myth: Cross; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 337 s.v. "Hexe", *302 No. 15, 307 No. 27, 32; Icelandic: Юorsteins saga Vik. 417; Missouri French: Carrière; Chinese: Krappe CFQ III (1944) 137; Korean: Zong in-Sob 19, 56; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 342 n. 233 (cf. B651.1); Eskimo (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 52, 56. |
| D658.3.2 | Transformation of animal to woman to seduce man. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D665 | Transformation of enemy to be rid of him. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D566.3 | Transformation of horse by spurring. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D651.1.1 | Transformation of magic object to animal which kills enemy. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D454 | Transformation of manufactured object. |
| D452 | Transformation of mineral form. |
| D665.1 | Transformation of rival in love (marriage) to be rid of him. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D658.3 | Transformation of sex to seduce. Irish myth: *Cross; Danish: Boberg; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 49. |
| D665.2 | Transformation of stepchild to be rid of him. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D451 | Transformation of vegetable form. |
| D664 | Transformation of woman by goddess to preserve chastity. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D651.6 | Transformation so as to protect hero from enemy. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D643 | Transformation so as to rescue. |
| D525 | Transformation through curse. Irish myth: Cross; India: Thompson-Balys, Penzer VI 16, VIII 140ff.; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| D551.2.3 | Transformation through eating magic seeds. (Cf. D971).—Hindu: Penzer VI 56 n. 1, 62f. |
| D516 | Transformation through excessive grief. Greek: Roscher s.v. "Itys"; Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian (Thompson): Alexander N. Am. 137. |
| D526 | Transformation through greeting: first creature to be greeted will be transformed. (Cf. A1371.3.)—*Dh II 191ff. |
| D522 | Transformation through magic word (charm). (Cf. D1273.)—Irish myth: Cross; India: *Thompson-Balys, Penzer I 136, II 20, VI 8, 59.—Tuamotu: Stimson MS (z-G. 13/203); Jamaica: *Beckwith MAFLS XVII 271 No. 84. |
| D529 | Transformation through power of the word—miscellaneous. |
| D520 | Transformation through power of the word. |
| D523 | Transformation through song. (Cf. D1275.)—Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 273 No. 87. |
| D521.1 | Transformation through thoughtless wish of parent. BP I 430 (Grimm Nos. 9, 27, 49). |
| D521 | Transformation through wish. Type 451; Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman; N. A. Indian (Seneca): Curtin-Hewitt RBAE XXXII 398 No. 70, 409 No. 73, (Shasta): Farrand-Frachtenberg JAFL XXVIII 216 No. 6; Eskimo (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 172. |
| D29 | Transformation to a person of different social class—miscellaneous. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D659.4 | Transformation to act as helpful animal. |
| D658.1 | Transformation to animal to seduce woman. *Krappe études 53ff.—Irish myth: *Cross; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 209 n. 2 (Europa), Fox 24, 33, 60, 166, 223; Hindu: Keith 76 (Prajapati); N. A. Indian (Iroquois): Alexander N. Am. 26; Am. Negro (Georgia): Harris Friends 81 No. 11, 91 No. 12; Africa (Zulu): Callaway 211, (Congo): Weeks 219 No. 14, (Fjort): Dennett 71 No. 15. Cf. Chinese: Werner 363. |
| D659.2 | Transformation to animals to fight. (Cf. D615)—Icelandic: Boberg; Irish myth: *Cross; Persian: Carnoy 269; Eskimo (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 38. |
| D659.9 | Transformation to another form to persuade man to go to battle. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D651.4 | Transformation to ant in order to gnaw bow-strings of enemy. *Charpentier Kleine Beiträge 35 n. 3. |
| D23 | Transformation to artisan. |
| D641.1.2 | Transformation to be able to woo maiden. Greek: Grote I 139; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D646 | Transformation to be picked up (caught). Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 262 No. 39. |
| D657.1 | Transformation to be put in food-bag. Cape Verde Islands: *Parsons MAFLS XV (1) 323. |
| D57.4 | Transformation to black man. German: Grimm No. 121, 137; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D655.1 | Transformation to buffalo so as to eat grass. Cheyenne: Campbell JAFL XXIX 407 No. 1. |
| D646.2 | Transformation to child or pet to be adopted. N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 281 n. 42 (many of the references). |
| D133 | Transformation to cow (bull, calf, etc.). India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D133.1 | Transformation to cow. *Type 473; *Fb "ko" II 240b.—Icelandic: Boberg; Greek: Grote I 80; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 43, 52. |
| D662 | Transformation to cure inconstant husband. He falls in love with another woman: his wife changes him to negro. He then falls in love with negress: wife changes him to ass. He then falls in love with she-ass. Finally restored to his original form.—*Chauvin II 183 No. 23. |
| D651 | Transformation to defeat enemies. (Cf. D615.) Irish myth: Cross; Welsh: MacCulloch Celtic 189; Middle English Romance: Wells 103 (Alliterative Alexander Fragment A); Icelandic: *Boberg; Greek: Fox 219 (Dionysus); India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D651.3 | Transformation to destroy enemy's property. Africa (Angola): Chatelain 245 No. 47. |
| D25.1 | Transformation to doctor. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D659.4.4 | Transformation to eagle in order to guard princess. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| D647.2 | Transformation to eagle so as to scour country for lovely woman as bride for king. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D659.4.3 | Transformation to eagle to carry hero to safety. Africa (Hausa): Equilbecq II 171ff. |
| D642.7 | Transformation to elude pursuers. (Cf. D671, D672.) Jewish: Neuman. |
| D642.4 | Transformation to escape ambush. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D642.2 | Transformation to escape death. *Type 316.—Greek: *Frazer Apollodorus I 49 n. 2, 251 n. 4; Icelandic: MacCulloch Eddic 146, *Boberg; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 324.—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 310 nn. 117a, 117b.; S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 120; Aztec: Alexander Lat. Am. 83; Eskimo (Greenland) Rasmussen II 211; Africa (Ekoi): Talbot 247. |
| D642 | Transformation to escape difficult situation. Type 461; Irish myth: *Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; India: *Thompson-Balys; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 258 No. 40; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 238 No. 35. |
| D642.1 | Transformation to escape from captivity. Finnish: Kalevala rune 16; Italian Novella: Rotunda; Chinese: Werner 366. |
| D642.3 | Transformation to escape lover. Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 22 (Mitis), II 54 n. 1 (Psamathe), 67 n. 6 (Thetis); Chinese: Graham. |
| D642.5 | Transformation to escape notice. Greek: Grote I 43; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D642.6 | Transformation to escape ogress. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D643.1 | Transformation to falcon in order to rescue condemned man at the gallows. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D533 | Transformation to fish by catching in fish-trap. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D586 | Transformation to fish by throwing into sea. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 100; Madagascar (Antankarana): Renel I 94ff. No. 14. |
| D646.1 | Transformation to fish to be caught. Chinese: Werner 273, 363. |
| D657.2 | Transformation to flying horse so as to abduct king. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D659.6 | Transformation to friar to instruct mankind. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D651.2 | Transformation to frighten enemy. (Cf. D641.3.) Icelandic: Egils saga einhenda XII 9—10; India: Thompson-Balys; Ila (Rhodesia): Smith and Dale II 359 No. 12. |
| D641.2 | Transformation to gain access to enemy's camp (fortress). Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D214 | Transformation to grain. |
| D642.5.1 | Transformation to hide from ogress. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D535 | Transformation to horse (ass. etc.) by putting on bridle (halter). *Fb "hest" I 598b, "grime" I 484, "bidsel" IV 37b; Köhler-Bolte I 220, 586.—Estonian: Aarne FFC XXV 130 No. 71; Finnish: Aarne FFC XXXIII 45 No. 71; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3656; India: Thompson-Balys, Penzer VI 56 n. 2, *59. |
| D535.1 | Transformation to horse by being horse-shod. Köhler-Bolte I 220, 586. |
| D24 | Transformation to humble person. |
| D658.2 | Transformation to husband's (lover's) form to seduce woman. *Penzer III 126f.; *Toldo Zs. f. Vksk. XV 367; *Frazer Apollodorus I 174 n. 1; *Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Betrüger überführt"; Roscher Lexikon s.v. "Alkmene"; Euphorion I 589f.; Zachariae Zs. f. Vksk. XVI 138ff.; Wells 30 (Geoffrey of Monmouth), 32 (Layamon's Brut), 43 (Arthour and Merlin), 103 (Alliterative Alexander, Fragment A).—Irish myth: *Cross, MacCulloch Celtic 52, 56, 63, 75; Welsh: ibid. 185; German: Boberg; Indonesian: DeVries's list No. 150. |
| D651.1 | Transformation to kill enemy. India: *Thompson-Balys; Eskimo (Aleut): Golder JAFL XVIII 220; S. A. Indian (Yuricare): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 504, (Mundurucú): Horton ibid. (3) 294, (Apapocuvá-Guaraní): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 238; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 278 n. 26, (Plains Ojibwa): Skinner JAFL XXXII 303 No. 7. |
| D592 | Transformation to likeness of another by sleeping with arms about him under the same mantle. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D49 | Transformation to likeness of another person—miscellaneous. |
| D40 | Transformation to likeness of another person. *Type 363; BP III 534 n. 1.—Wells 30 (Uther Pendragon); Icelandic: Boberg; Irish myth: *Cross; Italian Novella: Rotunda; India: Thompson-Balys; Jewish: Neuman; Greek: Grote I 80; Eskimo (Greenland) Rasmussen II 211, (Cape York) Rasmussen III 54; Africa (Fang): Tessman 141f. |
| D40.2 | Transformation to likeness of another woman. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D47 | Transformation to likeness of monster. Irish myth: Cross (D94, D95); Icelandic: Boberg; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D40.1 | Transformation to likeness of person whose shield one carries. (Cf. D1101.1). Norse: FSS 37, 38. |
| D41.1 | Transformation to likeness of ruler. Man so uses the last of three wishes granted to him. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D659.4.1 | Transformation to lion in order to guard palace. (Cf. D112.1, D621.1.)—Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 62 No. 451. |
| D659.10 | Transformation to lure hunters to certain place. Usually fairyland. Irish myth: *Cross; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D659.5 | Transformation to obtain blessing. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D1891 | Transformation to old man to escape recognition. Icelandic: FSS 27, Boberg; Maori: Dixon 60; Calif. Indian: Gayton and Newman 80. |
| D56.1 | Transformation to older person. Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D30 | Transformation to person of different race. |
| D10 | Transformation to person of different sex. *H. Gaidoz "Du changement de sexe dans les contes celtiques" Revue de l'histoire des religions LVII 317ff.; *Chauvin VIII 43 No. 11; *Penzer VII 42ff., 223ff.; *Fb "menneske" II 577b, "kvinde" II 339b; *Brown JAOS XLVII 3; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. III 752; Irish myth: *Cross; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D20 | Transformation to person of different social class. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D57.5 | Transformation to person of rusty color. German: Grimm No. 136. |
| D641 | Transformation to reach difficult place. *Types 329, 665, 434.—Irish myth: *Cross; Icelandic: De la Saussaye 261; Finnish: Kalevala rune 43; Greek: Fox 178; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 270, 273, 365, Ferguson 159; Maori: Dixon 79; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 310 n. 117; S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 26. |
| D655 | Transformation to receive food. N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 300 n. 100, 310 n. 117c.; S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 124f; Africa (Hottentot): Bleek 57 No. 25, (Angola): Chatelain 145 No. 15. |
| D659.11 | Transformation to recover stolen goods. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D40.2.1 | Transformation to resemble man's mistress so as to be able to kill him. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D666 | Transformation to save a person. Icelandic: Hjálmtèrs saga ok ölvers 472, Boberg; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D658.3.1 | Transformation to seduce man. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; Hindu: Keith 151. |
| D658 | Transformation to seduce. Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 319 n. 2. 395; India: Thompson-Balys.—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 305 n. 109v. |
| D647 | Transformation to seek lost (or unknown) person. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D659.3 | Transformation to show displeasure. India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 94 No. 14. |
| D53.1 | Transformation to sick man. Icelandic: Sturlaugs saga 642; Africa (Boloki): Weeks Congo 200ff. |
| D659.1 | Transformation to snakes at night in order to sleep. (Cf. D621.1.1.) Done by otherworld people.—New Britain: Dixon 117. |
| D283.2 | Transformation to spring of water. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 17; Philippine (Tinguian): Cole 60. |
| D651.5 | Transformation to spy enemy's camp. Icelandic: *Boberg; Korean Zong in-Sob. |
| D641.2.1 | Transformation to spy out enemy's camp. Korean: Zong in-Sob 64. |
| D657 | Transformation to steal. (Cf. K300.)—Icelandic MacCulloch Eddic 54; Chinese: Werner 360f.; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 306 n. 109x, (Calif.): Gayton and Newman 63; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 220 No. 32. |
| D536.1 | Transformation to swans by taking chains off neck. (Cf. D161.)—**O. Rank Die Lohengrinsage (1911) 65f.; *Wehrhan 50; *Wesselski Märchen 255 No. 64; *Chauvin VIII 206 No. 248; *G. Huet Romania XXXIV (1905) 206ff.; H. A. Todd MLN VI 2.—Norse: MacCulloch Eddic 263; English Romance: Wells 97 (Chevalere Assigne). |
| D659.8 | Transformation to test fidelity. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D645 | Transformation to test heroes. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D659.12 | Transformation to tramp to escape recognition. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. (Cf. D23.1.) |
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