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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference | Description ▲ |
|---|---|
| E64.20 | Resuscitation by magic baskets. Africa (Fang): Einstein 155. |
| E64.3 | Resuscitation by magic bell. (Cf. D1213.) Jewish: Neuman. |
| E64.2 | Resuscitation by magic cauldron. (Cf. D1171.2.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| E52 | Resuscitation by magic charm. (Cf. D1273.) Irish myth: *Cross; India: Thompson-Balys, *Penzer VI 261ff.; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen II 348, III 102. |
| E64.5 | Resuscitation by magic cup. (Cf. D1171.6.) |
| E64.9 | Resuscitation by magic feather. (Cf. D1021.) N. A. Indian (Kato): Goddard UCal V 208 No. 9, (Tsimshian): Boas RBAE XXXI 127. |
| E64.15 | Resuscitation by magic gold. Zs f. d. Phil. XXVI 23. |
| E102 | Resuscitation by magic liquid. (Cf. D1242.) *Krappe Balor 132ff.—Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: Boberg; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 61 No. 445A; India: *Thompson-Balys; Korean: Zong in-Sob 47. |
| E102.1 | Resuscitation by magic milk. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E64 | Resuscitation by magic object. |
| E107 | Resuscitation by magic pill. (Cf. D1243.) Chinese: Werner 159. |
| E108.1 | Resuscitation by magic powder blown into nose. Africa (Kordofan): Frobenius Atlantis IV 101ff. No. 11. |
| E108 | Resuscitation by magic powder. |
| E64.11 | Resuscitation by magic robe (blanket). (Cf. D1052.) N. A. Indian (Pawnee): Dorsey CI LIX 329 No. 88, (Tlingit): Swanton BBAE XXXIX 36 No. 8. |
| E64.17 | Resuscitation by magic stone. (Cf. D931.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E79 | Resuscitation by magic—miscellaneous. |
| E50 | Resuscitation by magic. Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; India: Thompson-Balys; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 154 and Chapter X passim; Tuamotu: Stimson MS (T-G 3/49, z-G 3/1353, z-G 13/1241); Eskimo (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 504, (Greenland): Rink 260, Rasmussen III 296, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 193; Africa (Cameroon): Rosenhuber 43. |
| E121.7 | Resuscitation by magician. (Cf. D1711.) Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: Boberg; India: *Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian (Lillooet): Teit JAFL XXV 332, (Mewan): Merriam Dawn of the World (Cleveland, 1910) 188; Eskimo (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 247. |
| E64.7.1 | Resuscitation by manuscript. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| E100 | Resuscitation by medicines. Greek: Aeschylus Agamemnon line 1020; India: *Thompson-Balys; Africa (Ekoi): Talbot 7, 34; (Benga): Nassau 98, 213 Nos. 5, 33, (Gold Coast): Barker and Sinclair 117 No. 20, (Kaffir): Theal 66, (Vai): Ellis 196 No. 14, 200 No. 18, 243 No. 49, (Cameroon): Ittman 72f., (Wakweli): Bender 96. |
| E53.1 | Resuscitation by mummified dog. Dog is kept in box. Revives and resuscitates dead hero. N. A. Indian (Central Algonquin): Skinner JAFL XXVII 98. |
| E55 | Resuscitation by music. MacCulloch Childhood 84; Fb "spille" III 488a; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 319 n. 153b. |
| E63.2 | Resuscitation by nine-day dance and prayers. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 184. |
| E79.1 | Resuscitation by passing helpful animal over corpse. Chinese: Graham. |
| E64.8 | Resuscitation by perfume. (Cf. D1245.) Philippine: Dixon 235 n. 47, (Tinguian): *Cole 18 n. 1, 44, 51, 90, 98, 131. |
| E64.10 | Resuscitation by piece of felt. (Cf. D1051.) Georgian: Wardrop Georgian Folk-Tales (London, 1894) 15 No. 3. |
| E55.2 | Resuscitation by playing flute. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "flute". |
| E55.5 | Resuscitation by playing guitar. Sicilian: Gonzenbach I 306 No. 45. |
| E55.4 | Resuscitation by playing violin. *Cosquin Lorraine II 7, 286. |
| E29.4 | Resuscitation by plucking the flower into which one is incarnated. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E142 | Resuscitation by polishing sword that contains dead man's life. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E121.1.2 | Resuscitation by power of goddess. *India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E63 | Resuscitation by prayer. Types 516, 612; Rösch FFC LXXVII 143.—Irish myth: *Cross, Scala Celi No. 949; Jewish: bin Gorion Born Judas VI 218, Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Maori: Dixon 82. |
| E29.3 | Resuscitation by pricking anus. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 57, 81. |
| E121.5.3 | Resuscitation by prophet. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E121.5.1 | Resuscitation by rabbi. Gaster Exempla 218 No. 149. |
| E113.1.1 | Resuscitation by raven's blood. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| E125 | Resuscitation by relative. |
| E21.1 | Resuscitation by removal of poisoned apple. By shaking loose the apple from the throat of the poisoned girl the prince brings her to life. *Type 709; *BP I 450ff.; Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Apfel" n. 8; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E21.3 | Resuscitation by removal of poisoned comb. *Type 709; Africa (Swahili): Baker FL XXXVIII 299ff. |
| E21.4 | Resuscitation by removal of poisoned slippers. Africa (Tonga): Junod 266ff., (Swahili): Baker FL XXXVIII 299ff. No. 16. |
| E21.1.1 | Resuscitation by removal of poisoning cobra flesh from dead man's mouth. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E38 | Resuscitation by replacement of soul. Crane Miraculis 84 No. 7; Irish myth: *Cross; Chinese: Werner 93, 268; Hawaii: Dixon 76, Beckwith Myth 145, 152; Maori: Dixon 78; Marquesas: Handy 113; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen II 101. |
| E38.1 | Resuscitation by returning dead person's soul (breath) to body. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E79.2 | Resuscitation by reversing positions of two blocks of wood. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E64.13 | Resuscitation by ring. BP III 537; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E29 | Resuscitation by rough treatment—miscellaneous. |
| E10 | Resuscitation by rough treatment. |
| E29.2 | Resuscitation by rubbing victim's bones on ground. Madagascar (Antankarana): Renel Contes de Madagascar (Paris, 1910, 1930) I 94ff. No. 14. |
| E64.12 | Resuscitation by sacred relics. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E121.4 | Resuscitation by saint. Köhler-Bolte II 163ff.; Alphabet Nos. 130, 374, 375, 376, 559, 628; *Loomis White Magic 83f.; Irish: Plummer xxxv, *Cross; Icelandic: Boberg; Sicilian: Gonzenbach I 156 No. 25; Jewish: bin Gorion III 20; India: *Thompson-Balys. See also Acta Sanctorum passim. |
| E64.4.1 | Resuscitation by saint's bachall. *Loomis White Magic 105; Irish: Plummer clxxv, *Cross. |
| E64.3.1 | Resuscitation by saint's bell. Irish: Plummer clxxvi, Cross. |
| E101 | Resuscitation by salve (oil). (Cf. D1244.) BP I 127; Fb "salve" III 150b.—Irish myth: *Cross; Italian: Gonzenbach I 318 No. 48; India: *Thompson-Balys; Philippine (Tinguian): *Cole 18 n. 1, 44, 51. |
| E35.1 | Resuscitation by sewing parts of body together. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E61 | Resuscitation by shooting arrow. (Usually combined with E25.) Chinese: Graham; N. A. Indian (Ojibwa): Schoolcraft Hiawatha 58, (Missisagua): Chamberlain JAFL III 150, (Blackfoot): Wissler and Duvall PaAM II 146, (Gros Ventre): Kroeber PaAM I 99 No. 23, (Arapano): Dorsey and Kroeber FM V 269 No. 119, 344ff. Nos. 139—145. |
| E26 | Resuscitation by shouting at dead. Scottish: Campbell-McKay No. 1; N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 88. |
| E125.2 | Resuscitation by sister(s). Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 152. |
| E27 | Resuscitation by slinging against something. Eskimo (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 510. |
| E72 | Resuscitation by smelling of moss. N. A. Indian (Menomini): Hoffman RBAE XIV 181. |
| E122.2 | Resuscitation by snake. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E125.1 | Resuscitation by son. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E55.1 | Resuscitation by song. Icelandic: Göngu-Hrуlfs saga 337—38, Boberg; India: Thompson-Balys; Tsimshian: Boas BBAE XXVII 215; Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 452. |
| E114 | Resuscitation by spittle. (Cf. D1001.) Type 516; Rösch FFC LXXVII 143.—Sicilian: Gonzenbach I 156 No. 25; Philippine (Tinguian): Cole 99, 157; Tonga: Gifford 185; N. A. Indian (Thompson River): Teit JAFL XXIX 305 (European borrowing). |
| E102.2 | Resuscitation by sprinkling ambrosia. (Cf. E80.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E64.1 | Resuscitation by staff. (Cf. D1254.) India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham; N. A. Indian (Southern Paiute): Lowie JAFL XXXVII 108 No. 5, 117 No. 7, 169f. Nos. 5a, 6; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen I 115; Africa: Werner African 171, (Zulu): Callaway 233. |
| E13.1 | Resuscitation by stepping on corpse. S. A. Indian (Chiriguano): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 177. |
| E15.3 | Resuscitation by stewing. Chinese: Graham. |
| E16 | Resuscitation by stinging. Corpse is laid on an ant-heap. MacCulloch Childhood 81 n. 3; Australian: Parker 13. |
| E11.2 | Resuscitation by striking with arrow. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 73. |
| E29.7 | Resuscitation by striking with lightning. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 410. |
| E21.5 | Resuscitation by sucking poison from wound. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E121 | Resuscitation by supernatural person. MacCulloch Childhood 84 n. 2; Melanesia: *Wheeler No. 66f. |
| E15.2 | Resuscitation by sweating. N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 340 n. 225, 350 n. 260, (Modoc): Curtin Myths of the Modocs (Boston, 1912) 31. |
| E67 | Resuscitation by talking to corpse. Type 450; Scottish: Campbell-McKay No. 17. |
| E18 | Resuscitation by tickling. N. A. Indian (Tlingit): Golder JAFL XX 292. |
| E79.3 | Resuscitation by touch of eagle. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E11.3 | Resuscitation by touching body during conjuration. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 452, Rasmussen II 349. |
| E58.1 | Resuscitation by universal weeping. Return of deity from dead granted if all men will weep. One person refuses. *Dh II 211; Hdwb. d. Märch. I 439a s.v. "Eddamärchen" nn. 270, 271; MacCulloch Eddic 130. |
| E29.6 | Resuscitation by urinating on dead man's bone. Korean: Zong in-Sob 38. |
| E116 | Resuscitation by use of animal fat. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| E62 | Resuscitation by vigil at tomb. Vigil is for stated time, three weeks and three days, or the like. Köhler in Gonzenbach II 209 No. 11; Köhler-Bolte Zs. f. Vksk. VI 62. |
| E121.3 | Resuscitation by Virgin Mary. (Cf. V268.) *Type 710; *Crane Miraculis 85 No. 8; *Ward Catalogue of Romances II 633 No. 31; Wells Manual of Writings 170; Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E133 | Resuscitation by warming dead man. German: Grimm No. 4. |
| E80.3 | Resuscitation by water (in basket, overnight). N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 68. |
| E74 | Resuscitation by waving magic object. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E115 | Resuscitation by wax from deer's ear. Scotch: Campbell Tales II 309 No. 44. |
| E58 | Resuscitation by weeping (tears). Herbert III 62 (Odo of Cheriton); Fb "opskrig" II 754; Africa (Angola): Chatelain 43 No. 1 (Version B). |
| E80.2 | Resuscitation by wet cloth over corpse. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E71 | Resuscitation by wishing. N. A. Indian (Seneca): Curtin-Hewitt RBAE XXXII 123 No. 19. |
| E21 | Resuscitation by withdrawal of wounding instrument. Italian: Basile Pentamerone II No. 8; India: Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian (Twana): Curtis N. A. Indian IX 164 ff., (Southern Paiute): Lowie JAFL XXXVII 185 No. 19; Eskimo (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XXI 18. |
| E75 | Resuscitation by writing deity's name. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| E64.16.1 | Resuscitation by yak's tail. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E162.1 | Resuscitation even possible after three days. Icelandic: Göngu-Hrуlfs saga 308. |
| E42 | Resuscitation from ashes of dead man. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E64.19 | Resuscitation from bird dung. (Cf. D1026.1.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E42.1 | Resuscitation from dust. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| E41 | Resuscitation from excrement of one who has eaten person (animal). India: Thompson-Balys; Tonga: Gifford 140, Beckwith Myth 483, 504; S. A. Indian (Kaiguá): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 139. |
| E35 | Resuscitation from fragments of body. Cook Islands: Beckwith 253; S. A. Indian (Eastern Brazil): Lowie BBAE CXLIII (1) 434. |
| E149.3 | Resuscitation from touch of a child at his first walking. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E162 | Resuscitation impossible after certain length of time. N. A. Indian (Seneca): Curtin-Hewitt RBAE XXXII 97 No. 7 (ten days); Africa (Vai): Ellis 200 No. 18 (three days). |
| E176 | Resuscitation in order to baptize. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E25 | Resuscitation my frightening dead. Frequently combined with E61. N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 319 n. 153. See also references to E61. |
| E66.1 | Resuscitation of cremated man by blowing on the ashes. India: Thompson-Balys; S. A. Indian (Bakairi, Amazon): Alexander Lat. Am. 312. |
| E53.2 | Resuscitation of dead by making image of deceased of breadfruit wood. When spirit enters this, image disappears and person is found alive. Marquesas: Handy 113. |
| E149.2 | Resuscitation of decapitated princess by hero by imitating ogre's actions of night before: passing sword three times up and down her throat. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E165 | Resuscitation of wife by husband giving up half his remaining life. (Sometimes vice versa). *Type 612; *BP I 126, 129; *Wesselski Märchen 188; *Chauvin VIII 120 No. 104; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 93, 193; Jewish: bin Gorion I 372; India: *Thompson-Balys, Penzer VIII 117; Indonesia: De Vries's list No. 226; Africa: Frobenius Atlantis IX No. 108. |
| E132 | Resuscitation through ashes thrown on funeral pyre. *Penzer IX 68 n. 2. |
| E121.5.2 | Resuscitation through prayers of holy man. (Cf. E63.) Nouvelles de Sens No. 24. |
| E185 | Resuscitation when murder is discovered. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E17.1 | Resuscitation when snake licks bite he has inflicted upon his victim. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E21.2 | Resuscitation when strangling corset-lace breaks. Girl laced so tightly in corset that she faints. Brothers carry her to her grave. They stumble. Corset-lace breaks and girl revives. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 63 No. 453; Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| E34.1 | Resuscitation with head on backwards. (Cf. F511.0.6.) *Type 303; Irish myth: *Cross; Italian Novella: Rotunda (E12.2). |
| E34 | Resuscitation with misplaced head. (Cf. M221.) In restoration of several persons simultaneously through reassembling of members, the heads are placed on the wrong bodies. Sometimes the damage is repaired, sometimes not. *Kittredge Gawain 155 n. 1; *Wesselski Märchen 239, 241 n. 2; Irish myth: *Cross; Italian Novella: Rotunda; India: *Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 309 n. 114c. |
| E33 | Resuscitation with missing member. In reassembling the members, one has been inadvertently omitted. The resuscitated person or animal lacks this member. *Type 313; MacCulloch Childhood 97ff.; Von Sydow Danske Studier (1910) 65ff., 145ff.; Köhler-Bolte I 259, 273 n. 1, *586.—Greek: Fox 119 (Pelops); India: Thompson-Balys; Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 99, Rasmussen I 218, III 79, (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 501, (N. W. Canada): Petitot 84, 226, (Smith Sound): Kroeber JAFL XII 170; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 308 n. 114b; S. A. Indian (Yuracare): Alexander Lat. Am. 314. |
| E141 | Resuscitation: ghosts deceived so that they cannot find way back to grave. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E0 | Resuscitation. Zwierzina Die Legenden der Märtyrer vom unzerstörbaren Leben (Innsbrucker Festgruss dargebracht der 50. Versammlung deutscher Philologen in Graz (1909) 130—158; Type 516; Clouston Tales II 407ff.; *Penzer X Index s.v. "Resuscitation"; *Jacobs' list s.v. "Resuscitation"; Greek: Grote I 206; Italian: Basile Pentamerone IV No. 9, Rotunda; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "resurrection"; Irish: Plummer xxxv, *Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 169; Korean: Zong in-Sob 139; Polynesia: *Beckwith Myth Chapter X passim; Marquesas: Handy 83; Tuamotu: Stimson MS (z-G. 13/127); Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 291, 359, 373, 417, 444, 452, Holm 26, 89, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 241; N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 73; S. A. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 102, (Tupinamba): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 132, (Apapocuva-Guaraní): *Métraux RMLP XXXIII 133; Africa (Benga): Nassau 213 No. 33, (Upoto): Einstein 142, (Wuchaga): Gutman 35. |
| P551.8 | Retainers not required to go to battle under overlord except for pay. Irish myth: Cross. |
| J1341 | Retort from underfed servant (child). India: Thompson-Balys. |
| J1540 | Retorts between husband and wife. (Cf. J1532.1.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| J1380 | Retorts concerning debts. |
| J1399 | Retorts concerning thefts—miscellaneous. |
| J1390 | Retorts concerning thefts. |
| J1340 | Retorts from hungry persons. Irish myth: Cross; U.S.: Baughman. |
| M263 | Retreat in return for cessation of attack. Host agrees to march back a day's journey if warrior will cease his feats of arms upon them until a certain battle in the future. Irish myth: Cross. |
| K1667.1.1 | Retrieving the buried treasure. Buried money is stolen. Blind owner pretends that he is going to bury more. Thief returns the money hoping to get all. Blind man recovers original treasure. Spanish: Childers; Italian Novella: *Rotunda. |
| E322.8 | Return from dead and remarriage to husband. Chinese: Graham. |
| E235.3 | Return from dead as punishment for trying to raise ghost. (Cf. E384ff., F491.7.) Ghost accuses man of stealing a trifle and thus has revenge. Fb "stjæle" III 575b; England: *Baughman. |
| E166 | Return from dead granted for definite time. Irish myth: Cross; Greek: Fox 126 (three hours); Hindu: Keith 114 (100 years). |
| E365 | Return from dead to ask forgiveness. *Fb "tilgive", Feilberg DF X 74f; Irish myth: *Cross; Wales, U.S.: *Baughman; Estonian: Aarne FFC XXV 115 No. 13. |
| E234.3 | Return from dead to avenge death (murder). Irish myth: Cross; England, U.S.: *Baughman (E233). |
| E367.4 | Return from dead to convert to Christianity. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E236.1 | Return from dead to demand clothing stolen from grave. Type 366; Fb "død" I 228, "ligskjorte" II 425; *BP III 482 n. 1; Estonian: Aarne FFC XXV 116 No. 16; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3534. |
| E236.5 | Return from dead to demand money stolen from corpse. Am. Negro (Georgia): Harris Nights 161 No. 29. |
| E236.1.1 | Return from dead to demand ring stolen from corpse. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3533, Balys Ghosts; England, U.S.: Baughman; U.S. (N. Carolina): Brown Collection I 676. |
| E236.2 | Return from dead to demand stolen children. Tobler 84. |
| E236 | Return from dead to demand stolen property. *Fb "spøgelse" III 520a; Icelandic: Boberg; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3565; N. Carolina: Brown Collection I 676. |
| E411.0.2.1 | Return from dead to do penance. Alphabet Nos. 363, 616.—Lithuanian: *Balys Ghosts; U.S.: Baughman. |
| E361.2 | Return from dead to give consoling message. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E366 | Return from dead to give counsel. (Cf. V229.1.) *Type 510; Irish: *Cross, O'Suilleabhain 101, Beal XXI 332; Icelandic: *Boberg; Sicilian: Gonzenbach I 10 No. 3; Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 4 no. 29; Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 191; Korean: Zong in-Sob 133ff.—N. A. Indian (Iroquois): Smith RBAE II 104, (Onondaga): Jewitt RBAE XXI 148, 262, (Skidi Pawnee): Dorsey MAFLS VIII 49 No. 10, (Arapaho): Dorsey and Kroeber FM V 49, 259 Nos. 15, 110; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen II 219; S. A. Indian (Brazil): Oberg 110; Africa (Jaunde): Heepe 260, (Fang): Tessman 99f., 173, 193. |
| E230 | Return from dead to inflict punishment. |
| E379.5 | Return from dead to make up enough men to perform ritual. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E367 | Return from dead to preach repentance. Wesselski Arlotto I 201 No. 29; Irish: Beal XXI 332, O'Suilleabhain 100; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 3 No. 23. |
| E375 | Return from dead to prevent flight of thief. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E367.3 | Return from dead to prophesy coming of Christ. (Cf. M363, M364.7.2.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E379.3 | Return from dead to protect friends. S. A. Indian (Guaporé River): Lévy-Strauss III 378. |
| E235.6 | Return from dead to punish disturber of grave. England, U.S.: Baughman; Jewish: bin Gorion II 160, 348, 360, Neuman. |
| E235 | Return from dead to punish indignities to corpse, or ghost. Ireland: Baughman; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 245; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3532; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E235.5 | Return from dead to punish kicking of skull. (Cf. C13.) N. A. Indian (Tlingit): Swanton BBAE XXXIX 247 No. 86. |
| E235.4.3 | Return from dead to punish theft of bone from grave. *Type 366; Fb "menneskeben" II 579a; Köhler-Bolte I 133; England, U.S.: Baughman; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "os". |
| E235.4.1 | Return from dead to punish theft of golden arm from grave. *Type 366; Köhler-Bolte I 47, 133.—Gascon: Bladé II 324 No. 4; English: Baughman. |
| E235.4.2 | Return from dead to punish theft of leg from grave. *Type 366; BP III 480; Köhler-Bolte I 133; Fb "rædehistorie".—English: Baughman; French: Cosquin Lorraine II 76 No. 41; Gascon Bladé II 328 No. 5. |
| E235.4.4 | Return from dead to punish theft of liver from man on gallows. *Type 366; *BP III 478; Fb "lever" II 404b. |
| E235.4 | Return from dead to punish theft of part of corpse. (Cf. E419.7.) Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 6 No. 49. |
| E235.4.5 | Return from dead to punish theft of skull. England, Wales, U.S.: *Baughman; Estonian: Aarne FFC XXV 115 Nos. 14, 15; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 328 No. 29. |
| E235.4.6 | Return from dead to punish theft of teeth. U.S. (S. Carolina): Baughman. |
| E340 | Return from dead to repay obligation. |
| E371.2 | Return from dead to repeat forgotten epic. (Cf. A581, J1563.7.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| E379.1 | Return from dead to rescue from drowning. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E311 | Return from dead to return and ask back love tokens. English: Child II 228. |
| E371 | Return from dead to reveal hidden treasure. (Cf. E276, E291, E419.11.2.) *Fb "spøgelse" III 521b; Tobler 34f.; Loomis White Magic 53; England, Wales, Ireland, Canada, U.S.: *Baughman; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 827. |
| E231 | Return from dead to reveal murder. Fb "gjenganger" I 443b, "lig" II 411b; Wimberly 261; England, U.S.: *Baughman; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 245; North Carolina: Brown Collection I 677; West Indies: Flowers 429; Jewish: bin Gorion V 213, 306, *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Japanese: Ikeda.—N. A. Indian (Fox): Jones PAES I 93ff., (Seneca): Curtin-Hewitt RBAE XXXII 173 No. 33, 670 No. 129; Eskimo (Greenland): Holm 39, Rasmussen III 145, Kroeber JAFL XII 181, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 236; Africa (Fang): Tessman 118. |
| E371.1 | Return from dead to reveal whereabouts of stolen goods. Irish myth: Cross. |
| E232.1 | Return from dead to slay own murderer. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E377 | Return from dead to teach living. Jewish: Neuman. |
| E415.1.2 | Return from dead to uncover secretly buried treasure. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F379.1 | Return from fairyland. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| F101.2 | Return from lower world by being slung by bent tree. New Zealand: Dixon 78. |
| F101.3 | Return from lower world on eagle. *Type 301; *BP II 300; Penzer VI 122 n. 2. See references under B322.1, nearly all of which refer to escape from lower world. Indonesia: De Vries Volksverhalen I 161ff. No. 35. |
| F101.3.1 | Return from lower world on vulture. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F101.1 | Return from lower world up steep slope. New Zealand: Dixon 73. |
| F101 | Return from lower world. Indonesia: De Vries's list Nos 162, 164. |
| E236.4 | Return from the dead because last will was not fulfilled. Lithuanian: Balys Ghosts. |
| E235.7 | Return from the dead to capture thief. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| E372 | Return from the dead to seek hidden treasure. U.S.: Baughman. |
| E232 | Return from the dead to slay wicked person. Alphabet No. 772; Irish myth: Cross; Icelandic: Boberg; S. A. Indian (Brazil): Oberg 111. |
| E361 | Return from the dead to stop weeping. *BP II 485; Wimberly 110, 230ff.; Hdwb. d. Märchens I 433a s.v. "Eddamärchen"; Hdwb. d. Abergl. II 831; Legenda Aurea (ed. Grässe) 132; *Fb "hеnd" I 765a, "tеre" III 947a, "græde" IV 187b; Dieterich Zs. f. Vksk. XII 147.—Icelandic: *Boberg; English: Child II 234ff., 512., III 513, V 62, 294; Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 2 No. 18; Persian: Carnoy 345. |
| E236.3 | Return from the dead to warn thief that he will be punished. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| F10.1 | Return from upper world. Indonesia: De Vries' list No. 165. |
| K1815.1 | Return home in humble disguise. *Type 935. |
| N681.0.1 | Return home to one's own funeral. Icelandic: Herrmann Saxo II 250, Boberg. |
| A566.1 | Return of mortal reincarnation of celestial being to the country of the gods after his mission has been accomplished on earth. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E365.1 | Return of the dead to grant forgiveness. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| E374.1 | Return of the dead to keep promise and tell of land of the dead. Two friends promise each other that the first to die will do so. Italian Novella: Rotunda; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3570. |
| Z293 | Return of the hero. (Cf. L111.1.) Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| K1514.4 | Returning husband beaten by servants. Mistaken for lover whom he has told them to beat. Von der Hagen II xiii No. 27. |
| D1445.1 | Revelation of magic secret permits animal to be killed. (Cf. D1273.2.) Finnish: Kalevala rune 20. |
| U119.1 | Revelations of a satyr. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| E423.2.9 | Revenant as "man-monkey". England: *Baughman. |
| E426.2 | Revenant as a rolling cask. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| E422.3.2 | Revenant as a very large man (giant). (Cf. F531.) Scotland, Canada, U.S.: *Baughman; Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| E425.2.4 | Revenant as American Indian. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E422.1.11.1 | Revenant as an eye. U.S.: Baughman. |
| E423.1.4 | Revenant as ass. Tobler 89; England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.3.11 | Revenant as bean-goose. Wales: *Baughman. |
| E423.2.1 | Revenant as bear. (Cf. E522.2.) Tobler 56. |
| E423.3 | Revenant as bird. Tobler 34; Krappe Balor 96—97; Irish: Cross, Beal XXI 332, O'Suilleabhain 99; England, U.S.: *Baughman; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 243. |
| E422.1.11.5 | Revenant as blood. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.1.8.1 | Revenant as calf. (Cf. E521.4.) Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| E423.1.2 | Revenant as cat. Type 326; Rosén Om Själavandringstro 16; *Fb "kat" II 107b; Tobler 42, 47, 56; England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.6 | Revenant as centaur. U.S.: Baughman. |
| E425.3 | Revenant as child. Tobler 66f.; England: *Baughman; Irish: O'Suilleabhain 100, Beal XXI 332. |
| E423.1.8 | Revenant as cow. Tobler 50.—Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 334b s.v. "Geister"; England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.3.8 | Revenant as crow. Krappe Balor 97. |
| E423.2.6 | Revenant as deer. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.1.1 | Revenant as dog. (Cf. E421.3.6.) *Rosén Om Själavandringstro 14; *Fb "spøgelse" III 521a, "hund" I 675b, 676a, "præst" II 886a; Tobler 49, 54, 68; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 313 No. 92; German: Grimm No. 4; England, Scotland, Wales, U.S.: *Baughman; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 243; North Carolina: Brown Collection I 675, 684. |
| E423.1 | Revenant as domestic animal. |
| E423.3.1 | Revenant as dove. Tobler 30; Krappe Balor 96—97; Irish myth: Cross; U.S.: Baughman. |
| E423.3.10 | Revenant as duck. Type 403; England: Baughman. |
| E424 | Revenant as dwarf. *Gould They who await the Second Death (Scandinavian Studies and Notes IX 167); Tobler 65. |
| E423.9 | Revenant as eel. Irish: O'Suilleabhain 93. |
| E422.1.11.2 | Revenant as face or head. England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.7 | Revenant as fly. England: Baughman. |
| E423.2.3 | Revenant as fox. Fb "ræv" III 113a; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 310 No. 24. |
| E423.4 | Revenant as frog. Tobler 86. |
| E423.1.9 | Revenant as goat. England. U.S.: *Baughman; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 243. |
| E423.3.7 | Revenant as goose. Type 403; Tobler 34; England: *Baughman. |
| E423.1.3.3 | Revenant as headless horse. (See E422.1.1, E535.1.) England, Wales: *Baughman. |
| E423.2.4 | Revenant as hedgehog. Hartland Science 247. |
| E423.3.6 | Revenant as hen. Sometimes with chickens. Tobler 33. |
| E425.1.6 | Revenant as horrible female figure. Covered with snakes and toads. English: Wells 61 (The Awntyrs off Arthure at the Terne Wathelyne). |
| E423.1.3 | Revenant as horse. (Cf. F401.3.1.) Rosén Om Själavandringstro 16; *Handwb. d. Abergl. VI 1614f., IX Nachträge 168; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 243; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E425.1.1 | Revenant as lady in white. *M. Waehler Die Weisse Frau (Erfurt, 1931); Fb "jomfru" II 43a; Tobler 68, 90; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 239; England, Scotland, Wales, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.1.6 | Revenant as lamb. Tobler 56; England: Baughman. |
| E425.2.2 | Revenant as man with horse's head. England: Baughman. |
| E425.2 | Revenant as man. Irish: O'Suilleabhain 101, 103, Beal XXI 332f. |
| E423.1.3.2 | Revenant as mare. Herbert III 380. |
| E423.2.11 | Revenant as mouse. Africa (Wachaga): Gutman 35. |
| E425.1.2 | Revenant as naked woman. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 228; Tobler 67. |
| E426 | Revenant as object. |
| E425.2.1 | Revenant as old man. German: Grimm No. 4; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 334b s.v. "Geister". |
| E423.3.5 | Revenant as owl. Tobler 31f.; Krappe Balor 96—97; U.S.: *Baughman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| E422.1.11 | Revenant as part of body. |
| E423.3.3 | Revenant as partridge. Tobler 32. |
| E425.2.5 | Revenant as piper. Irish: O'Suilleabhain 62. |
| E425.2.3 | Revenant as priest or parson. (Cf. E338.5, E417.) England, Ireland, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E423.2.2 | Revenant as rabbit (hare). *Fb "hare" I 556a; Rosén Om Själavandringstro 15; Tobler 52; England: *Baughman; Irish: O'Suilleabhain 56. |
| E423.1.7 | Revenant as ram. Tobler 51. |
| E423.2.8 | Revenant as rat. England, Ireland: *Baughman. |
| E423.3.4 | Revenant as raven. Swiss: Jegerlehner Obervallis 329 No. 56; Danish: Kristensen Danske Sagn II (1893) 127ff., 132, (1928) 91ff.; Krappe Balor 96—97. |
| E423.3.9 | Revenant as sea-gull. Krappe Balor 97. |
| E423.2.5 | Revenant as seal. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| E425.1.3 | Revenant as seductive woman. Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 303 No. 24. |
| E422.1.11.4 | Revenant as skeleton. U.S.: Baughman. |
| E422.3.1 | Revenant as small man. Wimberly 244; Tobler 64, 89; England: *Baughman. |
| E423.5 | Revenant as snake (serpent). Tobler 22, 55f.—Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 334b s.v. "Geister"; New York: Jones JAFL LVII 243. |
| E423.8 | Revenant as spider. England: Baughman. |
| E423.2.12 | Revenant as squirrel. Africa (Wachaga): Gutman 35. |
| E423.3.2 | Revenant as swan. Tobler 34; England: Baughman. |
| E423.1.5 | Revenant as swine. Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 316 No. 134f.; England, Ireland, U.S.: *Baughman; Irish: Beal XXI 310, O'Suilleabhain 31. |
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