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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference | Description ▲ |
|---|---|
| A2247.5 | Toad trades his tail for mole's eyes. Spanish: Boggs: FFC XC 38 No. 287. |
| A2426.4.2 | Toad's croak. Jamaica Negro: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 259. |
| Q491.4 | Toads and snakes devour corpse of rich man in his grave. Scala Celi 74b No. 426; Herbert III 99 No. 65, 666 No. 261; Irish: Beal XXI 327, O'Suilleabhain 74. |
| A671.2.8 | Toads in hell. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B766.3 | Toads suck blood. *Kittredge Witchcraft 183 n. 88. |
| A2611.2 | Tobacco from grave of bad woman. Finnish: Aarne FFC VIII 23 No. 128. XXXIII 56 No. 128; Esthonian: Aarne FFC XXV 152 No. 76; Livonian: Loorits FFC LXVI 96 No. 125; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3240, Legends Nos. 326—337; S. Am. Indian (Paressi): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 359, (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 62. |
| A2611.2.1 | Tobacco from grave of virgin. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F445.1.1 | Tobacco-spirit. S. A. Indian (Cashinawa): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 684. |
| J461.3 | Tobacco, pipe, and match debate usefulness to smoker. Africa (Vai): Ellis 196 No. 13. |
| H1536 | Toboggan test. Attempt to kill hero on dangerous toboggan. N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 326 n. 173. |
| J321.1.1 | Today's catch of fish traded for prospective larger catch tomorrow. Africa (Akan-Ashanti): Rattray 252 No. 67. |
| T61.4.4 | Token of betrothal sent to parents of a proposed bridegroom; acceptance means agreement to proposed match. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| H82.5 | Token sent as warning. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| H82.6 | Token sent with youth to relatives, that they may take care of him. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| H82.3 | Tokens between lovers. (Cf. H105.6.) Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| F379.2.2 | Tokens brought back by mortal returning from fairyland. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| F1068.1 | Tokens from a dream. Man brings objects received during dream. Krappe Balor 122ff.; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| H84 | Tokens of exploits. |
| S334 | Tokens of royalty (nobility) left with exposed child. (Cf. H80.) *Penzer VII 81 n. 1; Irish myth: Cross; English: Wells 134 (Sir Degare), 126 (Lai Le Freine); Greek: Fox 71. |
| H82.1 | Tokens sent to jailor as warrant of king's authority. English: Child V 499 s.v. "tokens". |
| P14.20 | Tom-tom beater to spread the news of kingship. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D482.5.2 | Tomb gate magically enlarged. Jewish: Neuman. |
| V229.2.9 | Tombs of saints distill oil. *Loomis White Magic 43. |
| H105.2 | Tongue as proof that man has been murdered. *Fb "tunge" III 894a; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Q451.4.8.1 | Tongue cut (bitten) off as punishment for unfaithfulness to wife. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| Q451.4.8 | Tongue cut off as punishment for alleged adultery. (Cf. Q241.) Icelandic: Boberg. |
| Q451.4.3 | Tongue cut off as punishment for incest. (Cf. Q242.) Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| Q451.4.1 | Tongue cut off as punishment for theft. (Cf. Q212.) *Penzer V 61 n. 1, 143 n. |
| Q451.4.4 | Tongue cut off as punishment for treachery. (Cf. Q261.) Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| Q451.4 | Tongue cut off as punishment. DeCock Volkssage 93; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 98 No. 836G*, Espinosa II No. 94; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham; Japanese: Ikeda; Korean: Zong in-Sob 145 No. 64. |
| Q451.4.6 | Tongue cut out as punishment for fault-finding (satire). (Cf. Q312.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| Q451.4.2 | Tongue cut out as punishment for gossip. (Cf. Q314.) Wienert FFC LVI 39; Halm Aesop No. 416. |
| Q451.4.5 | Tongue cut out as punishment for murder. (Cf. Q211.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| P422.1.1 | Tongue of dead lawyer found to be lacking. Scala Celi 7b No. 44; Etienne de Bourbon No. 440. |
| H105.2.1 | Tongue of slain giant as proof of slaying. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| C948.3 | Tongue of woman who breaks tabu protrudes and entwines itself around a post in the home. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F544.2.3 | Tongue with hair growing from it. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F544.2.4 | Tongue with thorns. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2233.2.1 | Too cold for hare (dog) to build house in winter, not necessary in summer: must go without house. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 72*, Legends No. 214; Finnish: Aarne Index No. 72*; Russian: Andrejev No. 72**. |
| K553.6 | Too dirty to eat. Trickster, cornered by leopard, leaps into swamp, then says he is too dirty to eat. Leopard smells of him and agrees. Africa (Wute): Sieber ZsES XII 173. |
| J1559.3 | Too large a payment. A student leaving the university sends back a small coin to pay for the knowledge he is carrying away, although he says that he is really paying too much. Wesselski Bebel II 114 No. 45. |
| J1363 | Too late for the same advice. Impoverished spendthrift sarcastically to thrifty person: "Stop spending so freely!" "It's too late to give you the same advice." Italian Novella: *Rotunda. |
| J1276.2 | Too much for his income. Child born two months after marriage. Husband returns wife to her father (uncle) saying: "I can't afford a child every two months." Italian Novella: *Rotunda. |
| B332 | Too watchful dog killed. Icel.: *Boberg. |
| D2199.2 | Tools sharpened through power of saint. Slaves forced to hew down yew tree with dull tools: hands bleed. (Cf. H1110, P170.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| D1364.30 | Tooth of fox causes magic sleep. (Cf. D1011.4.) Jewish: Neuman. |
| F544.3.6 | Tooth travels automatically. Africa (Dzalamo): Meinhof ZsES XI 283. |
| F547.3.3 | Toothed penis. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F547.1 | Toothed private parts. (Cf. F547.3.3.) N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 309 n. 115. |
| A901.1 | Topographical changes or landmarks due to battle between gods. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A903 | Topographical features caused by animals. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| A901 | Topographical features caused by experiences of primitive hero (demigod, deity). Footprints of the gods, thoroughfares of heroes, etc.—*Dh II 8, 68, 199; *Hdwb. d. deutschen Aberglaubens III 240 s.v. "Fussspur"; *Wehrhan Die Sage 65; *Basset and others RTP XXIV 299 and references to earlier volumes.—Irish myth: Cross; Breton: MacCulloch Celtic 135; Icel.: De la Saussaye 280; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 303 Nos. 22, 23; Finnish: Kalevala rune 1; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3008, Legends Nos. 12ff.; Greek: Fox 250.—Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 331; Japanese: Anesaki 248f.; Indo-Chinese: Scott Indo-Chinese 291; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 31, 768, 957, 1211.—Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 18; Aztec: Alexander Lat. Am. 70; Africa (Fang): Trilles 153.—Cf. A911, A920.1.2, A920.1.5, A924, A931, A932, A933, A941.1, A941.2, A951, A955, A964, A972, A982.1, A984. |
| A902 | Topographical features of the earth arranged by creator. (Cf. A0.)—Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys.—African: Werner African 143.—N. A. Indian: Thompson Tales 30. |
| A900 | Topography—general considerations. |
| E631.0.1.1 | Tops of trees from lovers' graves show shapes of their heads. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| X1505 | Topsy-turvy land. Land where all is opposite from the usual. (First ed. X952.) BP III 244ff., *254ff.; Wienert FFC LVI 44ff. |
| A44 | Tora as God's adviser. Jewish: Neuman. |
| B16.0.2 | Tormenting beast in man's stomach. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D2063.1 | Tormenting by magic. England: *Baughman. |
| D2063.1.1 | Tormenting by sympathetic magic. Person (usually witch) tormented by abusing an animal or object. The usual methods of abuse are burning or sticking with pins. *Kittredge Witchcraft 97ff., 429ff. nn. 173—239 passim; England, U.S.: *Baughman; Feilberg DF X 165ff.; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| B294.7 | Tortoise and dog partners as thieves. Africa (Cameroon): Meinhof 3. |
| B240.5 | Tortoise as king of animals. Africa (Mbundu): Bell JAFL XXXV 135ff. No. 15. |
| B622.3 | Tortoise as wooer. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K439.7.1 | Tortoise asks greedy man to give him first ruby it has given him to be sure second one will be perfect match: disappears into water with it. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K476.1.2 | Tortoise cheats leopard by substituting bundle of resin for bundle of meat. Africa (Jaunde): Heepe 106. |
| A2231.7.3 | Tortoise cursed for going under water while ferrying rice-goddess: people will be able to kill it with iron-made spears. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2214.5.1 | Tortoise dropped by eagle: hence cracks in his shell. (Cf. A2312.1.1.)—Ila (Rhodesia): Smith and Dale 373 No. 23. |
| A139.2 | Tortoise footstool of God. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2223.6 | Tortoise given hard shell when it ferries rice-goddess across stream. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B723 | Tortoise has no liver or teeth. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A2214.5 | Tortoise hurled on rock: half falls on land, half in water. Therefore amphibious. African (Nigeria): Herskovits JAFL XLIV 448ff. |
| J684.3 | Tortoise joins peacock in dance. Cannot escape hunter; peacock flies off. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| N622.1 | Tortoise jumps from tree and breaks rhinoceros's back. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| N335.7 | Tortoise lands on elephant's back so that elephant's back is broken. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K730.4 | Tortoise leads elephant down wrong trail into trap. Africa (Bankon): Ittman 85. |
| A2211.10 | Tortoise left out in rain: hard shell develops. (Cf. A2312.1.)—Gold Coast: Barker and Sinclair 115 No. 20. |
| J657.2 | Tortoise lets self be carried by eagle. Dropped and eaten. *Wienert FFC LVI 46, 50 Nos. 51, 98; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| K563.2 | Tortoise persuades tiger captor to put him in pocket with hole, escapes. Africa (Cameroon): Meinhof 7. |
| S143.2.1 | Tortoise placed in tall tree and left. India: Thompson-Balys; Africa: Weeks Congo 209ff. No. 6. |
| A2213.2.2 | Tortoise pressed into earth: hence humpy back. (Cf. A2356.2.9.) Africa (Ekoi): Talbot 380. |
| J2357 | Tortoise speaks and loses his hold on the stick. He is being carried through the air by a bird. *Penzer V 55 n. 3; *Chauvin II 90 No. 31; B[ö]dker Exempler 285 No. 33; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| Q450.1.1 | Torture as punishment for murder. (Cf. Q211.) Irish myth: Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Q450.1 | Torture as punishment. Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: *Neuman. |
| S187.1 | Torture by tearing out the sides (of a person). (Cf. S166.1.) Der Heiligen Leben und Leiden 100f. (Santa Barbara); Jewish: Neuman. |
| S186 | Torturing by beating. Der Heiligen Leben und Leiden 100ff. (Santa Barbara); Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 587. |
| S187 | Torturing by scratching. |
| A113 | Totemistic gods. Gods which have animal associations; e.g., Athena with the owl, Venus with the sparrow.—Babylonian: Spence 93; India: *Thompson-Balys; Irish myth: Cross. |
| D1364.29 | Touch of glove and ring causes sleep. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P675 | Touching head as sign of acceptance of bargain. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D1502.4.3 | Touching magic boat with exposed child in it cures leprosy. (Cf. D1121.) Jewish: Neuman. |
| T135.2 | Touching of privates considered a marriage pact. Koryak: *Jochelson JE VI 381. |
| K28 | Tournament won by deception on borrowed horse. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| P561.2 | Tournament: to avenge death of king. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| P561 | Tournaments. **R. C. Clephan The Tournament (London, 1919); *O. Mueller Turnier und Kampf in den altfrz. Artusromanen (Erfurt, 1907); Jewish: Neuman. |
| F58 | Tower (column) to upper world. *Holmberg Baum 9ff., 33ff. |
| D1365.9 | Tower causes magic forgetfulness. (Cf. D1149.) Jewish: Neuman. |
| F163.7.1 | Tower hanging in the air in the otherworld. (Cf. H1036.) Icelandic: Flateyjarbуk I 33, *Boberg. |
| F163.7 | Tower in otherworld. Patch Other World 384 s.v. "tower". |
| F772.1 | Tower of Babel: remarkably tall tower designed to reach sky. Arabian: Basset 1001 Contes I 179; Frazer Old Testament I 362ff., Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| F772.2.4.1 | Tower of glass in midst of sea. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| F772.2.4 | Tower of glass; melts in sun. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| F772.1.2 | Tower reaches moon. Africa: Stanley 121. |
| F941.3 | Tower sinks into earth. |
| F772.2.2 | Towers of steel, silver and gold. Jacobs's list s.v. "Towers". |
| J1703 | Town (country) of fools. **Christensen DF XLVII; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K335.0.8 | Town crier is frightened by the voice of a cleric robbing a grave. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| J211.2 | Town mouse and country mouse. Latter prefers poverty with safety. *Type 112; Crane Vitry 199 No. 157; Wienert FFC LVI *59 (ET 208), 124 (ST 325); Halm Aesop No. 297; Jacobs Aesop 202 No. 7; Albini Atene e Roma VI 175.—Spanish Exempla: Keller; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 15 No. 5; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| F769.1 | Town where everything is sold at one price. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| B182.1.0.1 | Toy (lap) dogs. Irish myth: Cross. |
| P400 | Trades and professions. **Sébillot Légendes et Curiosités des Métiers (Paris, n.d.); Jewish: Neuman. |
| T93.5 | Tragic love between a Pari and a mortal man; they never meet again, but continually roam the earth seeking each other. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| T89 | Tragic love—miscellaneous motifs. |
| T80 | Tragic love. Italian Novella: Rotunda; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D2089.9 | Trail magically closed. |
| D2089.9.1 | Trail magically covered with thorns. Philippine (Tinguian): Cole 98. |
| R135.0.6 | Trail of ashes. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| R135.0.7 | Trail of flowers. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| R135.0.2 | Trail of grain (seeds). (Cf. R267.) India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| R135.0.3 | Trail of jewels. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| R135.0.2.1 | Trail of rice husks. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| R135.0.4 | Trail of shreds of dress. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| K401.1.1 | Trail of stolen goods made to lead to dupe. The crane in revenge for the loss of her young ones strews pieces of fish from the dwelling of the mongoose to that of the snake. The mongoose follows the trail and kills the snake. *Penzer V 61 n. 3; Bødker Exempler 287 No. 37; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| R135.0.5 | Trail of thread. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| V242.1 | Train of angels rises from graveyard. Irish myth: Cross. |
| N261.1 | Train of troubles for seven brothers for having destroyed bird's nest. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| N258 | Train of troubles from lost horseshoe nail. Master tries to go on in spite of the loss. *BP III 335ff. |
| N261 | Train of troubles from sparrow's vengeance. A man runs over the dog, friend of the sparrow. Through the sparrow's vengeance the man loses his horse, his property, and finally his life. *Type 248; *BP I 515; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 254 No. 34. |
| J133.3 | Trained deer drinks wine till he breaks his leg but thereafter abstains. Thus teaches lesson to master. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 240. |
| X1241.2.2 | Trained horse as harvester and hunter. He rolls in the field. Oats in his flanks; club in his tail kills birds. (First ed. X921.3.) (Cf. X1252.1.) Type 1892. |
| N7 | Trained rat upsets pieces in gambling game: trained (or transformed) cat chases it away. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| Q417.2 | Traitor thrown into pit so that he sticks to the waist and is then chased out of the country. (Cf. Q261.) Icelandic: Boberg. |
| W200 | Traits of character—miscellaneous. |
| J2075.1 | Transferred wish wisely used as well as unwisely. (J2075 contrasted with a married couple in which the wish is wisely used by the wife.) *BP II 223. |
| D0 | Transformation (general). *MacCulloch Childhood 149ff.; *Wimberley 275ff.; Sébillot Incidents s.v. "métamorphose"; Burton Arabian Nights VIII 270, S IV 329.—*Tibbals "Elements of Magic in the Romance of William of Palerne" MPh I (1903) 355ff.; *Easter: a Study of Magic Elements in the Romans d'Aventure (Dissertation, Baltimore 1906); *Hegar Hessische Blätter f. Vksk. XXVIII 110ff. —Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 251 n. 4 (Neleus); Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman; Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| D630 | Transformation and disenchantment at will. See, in general, references throughout D610—D629, D640—D659, D670—D699, nearly all of which motifs involve the idea of voluntary transformation.—*Types 652, 665; Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Baum"; *Bolte Reise der Söhne Giaffers 215; *Chauvin VII 83 No. 373bis n. 1.—German: Grimm Nos. 51, 56, 68, 181; Irish myth: *Cross; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 84 n. 2, Grote I 105; Icelandic: De la Saussaye 298f., MacCulloch Eddic 46ff. (Odin), *Boberg; Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys, Keith 156, 218; Arabian: Burton Nights I 134ff., 220f., III 126f., 236, VII 76, 300, IX 331, X 30, S II 86, 105, S V 88, S VII 239; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 420, II 676; Chinese: Werner 327, Coyajee JPASB XXIV 182, Jameson The Chinese Art of Shifting Shape (JAFL LXIV 275—80), Graham; Korean: Zong in-Sob 85; Indonesian: De Vries's list No. 152, 153; New Guinea: Dixon 138; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 401ff. note; New Hebrides: Beckwith 131; Easter Island: Métraux Ethnology 363.—S. A. Indian (Argentina): Jijena Sanchez 53; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 271 No. 84.—Africa (Cold Coast): Barker and Sinclair 42 No. 4, (Ekoi): Talbot 247. |
| Q584 | Transformation as fitting punishment. (Cf. D661, Q551.3.) |
| D661.2 | Transformation as punishment for denouncing saint. Der Heiligen Leben und Leiden 100ff. (Santa Barbara). |
| D661 | Transformation as punishment. *Dh II 99ff., 123ff., III 284ff., 404ff., 426ff., IV 262; *Type 751A, 368*, 402*; *Fb "fisk" I 296b, "sten" III 553b, 554a; *BP III 168, 462; Köhler-Bolte I 154; Bolte Zs. f. Vksk. XXIX 69; Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 413.—Icelandic: *Boberg; Finnish: Kalevala rune 33; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 97 No. 836A*; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "amoureux"; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 313 No. 82; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus I 343 (Niobe), Fox 29 (Io); Jewish: Neuman; Tahiti: Dixon 65; Africa (Fjort): Dennett 89 No. 22, 105 No. 29. |
| D661.1 | Transformation as revenge for repulsing amorous advances. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D663 | Transformation as reward. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D565.7 | Transformation at touch of magic dogskin. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D517 | Transformation because of disobedience. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.8 | Transformation by angel (God). Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D595 | Transformation by application of blood. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D562.1 | Transformation by application of water. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| D587 | Transformation by baptism. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D562 | Transformation by bathing. *Chauvin V 4 No. 2, VIII 43f. No. 11; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformations"; Irish myth: *Cross.—Indonesian: Dixon 216; India: *Thompson-Balys; Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D576 | Transformation by being burned. (Cf. D1787.)—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 349 n. 256, also most of references in n. 259.—Indonesian: DeVries list 239, DeVries Volksverhalen II 356 No. 100; Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D585 | Transformation by binding with string around neck. India: *Thompson-Balys, Penzer VI 39f., 56ff., VII 44 n. 1. |
| D588 | Transformation by blowing. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D577 | Transformation by braiding hair. Africa (Ila, Rhodesia): Smith and Dale II 395 No. 18. |
| D511 | Transformation by breaking name tabu. (Cf. C430.) |
| D510 | Transformation by breaking tabu. Tahiti: Beckwith Myth 468; Eskimo (Mackenzie Area): Jenness 154. |
| D572.7 | Transformation by celestial dew. Jewish: Neuman. |
| D537 | Transformation by changing clothes. Icelandic: Arnason (Powell and Magnusson tr.) II 246, Boberg.—N. A. Indian (Micmac): Rand Nos. 5, 16, 17. (Caughnawaga): Harrington JAFL XIX 127f., cf. (Yana): Curtin Creation Myths of Primitive America (Boston 1898) 312ff.—Cf. Fb. "klæder" II 200a. |
| D572.3 | Transformation by cloth. German: Grimm No. 99. |
| D584 | Transformation by contemplation. Penzer VI 20f. |
| D574 | Transformation by crossing water. Scotch: McKay Beal III 139. |
| D566.4 | Transformation by decapitation. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D537.2 | Transformation by donning cloak. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D537.1 | Transformation by donning hood. (Cf. D1067.3.) Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D537.4 | Transformation by donning wig. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D555.1 | Transformation by drinking from animal's track. (Cf. D578.)—*Type 450; *Sartori Zs. f. Vksk. IV 41ff. |
| D555.2 | Transformation by drinking wine. Korean: Zong in-Sob 27. |
| D555 | Transformation by drinking. *Type 450; BP I 86ff.; MacCulloch Childhood 159. See also references to D550.—Italian Novella: Rotunda; Greek: Frazer Apollodorus II 287 n. 2; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.9 | Transformation by druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D551.1.1 | Transformation by eating apple. *Fb "æble" III 1136a; Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Apfel" n. 11.—Icelandic: Boberg; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "pomme"; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 62 No. 449. Cf. Type 566. |
| D551.1.2 | Transformation by eating apricot. Chinese: Werner 203. |
| D551.4 | Transformation by eating bread. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.2.1 | Transformation by eating cabbage. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 48 No. 327*D. |
| D551.2.2 | Transformation by eating cicuta. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 63 No. 453. |
| D551.3 | Transformation by eating flesh. Icelandic: Boberg.—Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 162; Japanese: Ikeda; American Indian (Creek): Swanton BBAE LXXXVII 32f., (Ladino): Conzemius BBAE CVI 130f.; Argentina: Jijena Sanchez 23. |
| D551.2.4 | Transformation by eating flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.1 | Transformation by eating fruit. (Cf. D981.) Cf. Type 566. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.2.6 | Transformation by eating garlic. Korean: Zong in-Sob 3. |
| D551.5 | Transformation by eating leaf from a tree. Falcon is returned to form of girl. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D551.2.7 | Transformation by eating manioc. Africa (Dahomé): Einstein 27. |
| D551.2.5 | Transformation by eating onions. Korean: Zong in-Sob 21. |
| D550 | Transformation by eating or drinking. *MacCulloch Childhood 158.—Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 313 n. 132a. |
| D551.1.3 | Transformation by eating pear. Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Birnbaum". |
| D551.6.2 | Transformation by eating rice mixed with perspiration. Africa (Bushman): Bleek and Lloyd 85. |
| D551.6.3 | Transformation by eating snake eggs. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.6.2.1 | Transformation by eating sticky rice. Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 60. |
| D551.2 | Transformation by eating vegetable. (Cf. D983.)—Type 567; *BP III 6; *Aarne MSFO XXV 143ff. (Cf. D132.1.) |
| D551.6 | Transformation by eating—miscellaneous. |
| D551 | Transformation by eating. *MacCulloch Childhood 158; *Penzer VI 56. |
| D563 | Transformation by encircling object thrice. Fb "rundt" III 96a.—N. A. Indian (Zuсi): Parsons JAFL XXXI 243 No. 16 (four times). |
| D683.6 | Transformation by evil spirits. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D512 | Transformation by expressing astonishment at marvel. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D683.7 | Transformation by fairy. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D575 | Transformation by fumigations. Burning of magic perfume transforms. (Cf. D1245.)—Chauvin V 87 No. 27. |
| D683.5 | Transformation by god (goddess). Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| D684 | Transformation by helpful animals. *Type 329. |
| D591 | Transformation by immersing in magic well. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D561 | Transformation by jumping over. The person, animal, or object jumped over is transformed. American Indian (Zuсi): Parsons JAFL XXXI 243 No. 16, (Canadian Dakota): Wallis JAFL XXXVI 97 No. 26, (Cheyenne): Campbell JAFL XXIX 407 No. 1. |
| D561.3 | Transformation by jumping three times. Korean: Zong in-Sob 58. |
| D565.5 | Transformation by kiss. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 56 No. 408A*; Irish myth: Cross; English: Child V 499 s.v. "transformations." |
| D565.3 | Transformation by licking. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D579 | Transformation by looking in a mirror. Icelandic: *Boberg. |
| D583 | Transformation by lousing. Maori: Dixon 55. |
| D684.0.1 | Transformation by magic animal. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D582.2 | Transformation by magic needle. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D572 | Transformation by magic object. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D572.6 | Transformation by magic powder. Korean: Zong in-Sob 230 No. 99. |
| D572.1 | Transformation by magic stick. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 276, 280. |
| D683 | Transformation by magician. Kittredge Witchcraft 184 n. 97; Irish myth: *Cross; See also all notes to D615.1. |
| D572.5 | Transformation by means of magic stone. Icelandic: *Boberg; Africa (Fang): Einstein 53. |
| D683.7.1 | Transformation by offspring of fairy and mortal. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.8.1 | Transformation by pinching flower (life token). German: Grimm No. 9. |
| D596.1 | Transformation by placing bewitched flower on head. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D551.6.1 | Transformation by placing pill in mouth. (Cf. D1243.)—Hindu: Penzer VII 42 n. 1, 222; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D596 | Transformation by placing something on head. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D523.1.1 | Transformation by playing flute. Chinese: Graham. |
| D523.1 | Transformation by playing musical instrument. |
| D515 | Transformation by plucking flowers in enchanted garden. Type 451. |
| D532 | Transformation by putting on claw, feather, etc. of helpful animal. Types 552A, 553; *BP III 434; Eskimo (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XXII 13. |
| D537.3 | Transformation by putting on moustache. French Canadian: Sister Marie Ursule. |
| D530 | Transformation by putting on skin, clothing, etc. |
| D531 | Transformation by putting on skin. By putting on the skin, feathers, etc. of an animal, a person is transformed to that animal.—Fb "and"; Icel.: Völsunga saga ch. 8; Irish myth: *Cross; English: Child II 494, III 518, IV 495a, V495 s.v. "seals"; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham; Japanese: Ikeda; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 313 n. 132; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen I 364, II 13, III 75, 143, 262, Rink 146, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 181, (Central Eskimo): Boas RBAE VI 617, (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 468, (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XVI 95; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 271 No. 84; North Carolina Negro: Parsons JAFL XXX 187; Surinam: Alexander Lat. Am. 274.—See also all references under D361.1. (Swan Maiden). |
| D536 | Transformation by removing chains from neck. |
| D572.2 | Transformation by ring. Icelandic: Boberg. |
| D561.1 | Transformation by rolling. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 81. |
| D594 | Transformation by rubbing with ointment. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| H1573.3.3 | Transformation by saint as proof of Christianity before druid. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D683.4 | Transformation by saint. *Toldo Studien zur vgl. Littgsch. V 343; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D527 | Transformation by scolding. Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 468. |
| D565.10 | Transformation by scratching. Brazil: Jijena Sanchez 37. |
| D565.4 | Transformation by seizing ears. Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 86 No. 754C*. |
| D565.5.1 | Transformation by sexual intercourse. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| D564.2 | Transformation by smelling flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D564.3 | Transformation by smelling powders. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D564.4 | Transformation by smelling wine. (Cf. D562.2.)—Korean: Zong in-Sob 56. |
| D564 | Transformation by smelling. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D561.2 | Transformation by somersault. Chinese: Graham; Argentina: Jijena Sanchez 31, 38, 59. |
| D573 | Transformation by spell (charm). |
| D578 | Transformation by stepping in footprint. (Cf. D555.1.)—Africa (Kaffir): Theal 87. |
| D582 | Transformation by sticking magic pin into head. (Cf. D765.1.2., D1182.)—Fb "knappenеl" II 211b; *Cosquin Indiens 58ff.; Penzer VI 61. |
| D582.1 | Transformation by sticking nails into feet. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D566.2 | Transformation by striking with stone. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D566.1 | Transformation by striking wolf-skin glove. Icelandic: Hrуlfs saga Kraka 50. |
| D566 | Transformation by striking. Livonian: Loorits FFC LXVI 90 No. 80. |
| D567 | Transformation by sunlight. *BP III 89 n. 2. |
| D575.1 | Transformation by throwing ashes. Africa: Milligan 141. |
| D571 | Transformation by throwing object or person. |
| D571.1 | Transformation by throwing rice on person. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D565.0.1 | Transformation by touching ground on return from fairyland. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.6 | Transformation by touching water. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D565.8 | Transformation by touching with flower. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D565.2 | Transformation by touching with rod. Irish myth: *Cross; Greek: *Frazer Apollodorus I 70 n. 1, II 287 n. 2; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D565 | Transformation by touching. India: Thompson-Balys. |
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