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Stith Thompson Motif Index
About this index and how to read it
Stith Thompson's Motif-Index of Folk-Literature classifies recurring narrative elements in folktales, myths, legends, ballads and related traditional narratives. Each entry below gives Thompson's motif reference and the description recorded in the index.
The index is large, so this browser displays 250 entries per page. You can search by motif reference or by words in the description, restrict the results to one of Thompson's main letter categories, and click motif references mentioned inside descriptions to follow cross-references. Individual motif pages also show any ATU tale types whose concordance explicitly cites that Thompson reference.
All
A
Mythological Motifs
B
Animal Motifs
C
Motifs of Tabu
D
Magic
E
The Dead
F
Marvels
G
Ogres
H
Tests
J
The Wise and the Foolish
K
Deceptions
L
Reversals of Fortune
M
Ordaining the Future
N
Chance and Fate
P
Society
Q
Rewards and Punishments
R
Captives and Fugitives
S
Unnatural Cruelty
T
Sex
U
The Nature of Life
V
Religion
W
Traits of Character
X
Humor
Z
Miscellaneous Groups of Motifs
| Thompson reference | Description ▲ |
|---|---|
| B143.0.8 | Crow as prophetic bird. |
| B623.4 | Crow as suitor. Cheremis: Sebeok-Nyerges. |
| K354.1 | Crow asks hospitality of sparrow and gradually takes possession of nest and kills young. (Often told of camel and tent.) India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K401.2.1 | Crow causes serpent to try to swallow a stolen collar and thus be accused of the theft. Chauvin II 87 No. 23; Penzer V 47 n. 3, 214, 226f. |
| K255.3 | Crow demands young swan in payment for helping swan find feed for its young. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| J101 | Crow drops pebbles into water jug so as to be able to drink. Wienert FFC LVI 64 (ET 272), 106 (ST 186, 246); Jacobs Aesop 213 No. 55. |
| U31.2 | Crow exercises rights of strong over dove who cannot defend self. Dove at crow's request sings to save her brood which crow kills after song. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| J171.3.1 | Crow flying away says, "A wise man remains not in the place of calamity; but a fool stays there, and sups fear and sorrow." India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K2042 | Crow gets to owls pretending crows have cast him out. Having learned secret retreats of owls, he returns to crows and leads them to victory over owls. B[ö]dker Exempler 293 No. 52; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| A2431.2.1.1 | Crow hatches cuckoo's egg. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| J136 | Crow inspects the three worlds in search of happiness. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| P361.9 | Crow lets itself be caught so as to save king of crows. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B841.2.1 | Crow lives nine generations of men, deer 36, raven 108, phoenix 972, nymphs 9720.—Frazer Pausanias IV 217. |
| K359.4 | Crow makes friends with pigeon so as to be able to steal food in household to which he belongs. Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 557. |
| Z41.2 | Crow must wash his bill in order to eat with other birds. Asks water; water must first have horn from stag, who must first have milk from cow, etc. *Wesselski Hessische Blätter f. Vksk. XXXII 33; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| B282.22.1 | Crow refuses to marry titmouse, since she is 100 years old. Type 244**. |
| W121.2.3 | Crow sits on sheep's back; afraid to sit on dog's. Wienert FFC LVI 55 (ET 154), 106 (ST 188). |
| J953.7 | Crow thinks harvesters are stealing his grain. *Type 243. |
| J512.6 | Crow tries to imitate partridge's walk. Only spoils his own. Chauvin II 106 No. 70; Bødker Exempler 303 No. 73; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| J951.3 | Crow tries to prophesy like raven: detected by his voice. Wienert FFC LVI 73, (ET 387), 92 (ST 42); Halm Aesop No. 212. |
| A2431.3.6 | Crow's nest. |
| X1317 | Crowded fish. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| E402.2.1 | Crowing of ghost rooster. England: Baughman. |
| H422.1 | Crown exposes infidelity of husbands. English: Child I 266f. |
| H36.2.1 | Crown fits only legitimate successor to throne. Jewish: Neuman. |
| F828.2 | Crown of fire. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| A731.2 | Crown of the sun. Jewish: Neuman. |
| P13.5 | Crowning of kings. Icelandic: *Boberg; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 986. |
| Q193 | Crowns and palms as reward. Jewish: Moreno Esdras (Q191). |
| B143.0.8.1 | Crows announce coming of hero to otherworld. Irish myth: Cross. |
| B131.1.1 | Crows reveal the killing of mare. Corpus Poeticum Boreale I 359. |
| F962.12.1 | Crozier falls from heaven for saint. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D1622.1 | Crucifix bows as sign of favor. Ward II 665 No. 24; *Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 692; Alphabet No. 495; Loomis White Magic 124; English: Wells 177 (A Legend of the Crucifix); Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 100 No. 849A. |
| Q462 | Crucifixion as punishment. (Cf. Q522.1.) Irish myth: Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman; Hindu: Tawney I 147, 396. |
| S140 | Cruel abandonments and exposures. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| S72 | Cruel aunt. Italian: Basile Pentamerone IV No. 7; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham. |
| S31.3 | Cruel bird stepmother feeds young ones with thorns. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| L432.1 | Cruel brothers brought to beg charity from abused sister. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| S20 | Cruel children and grandchildren. |
| S54 | Cruel daughter-in-law. India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 256f.; Marquesas: Handy 111. |
| S11.4.4 | Cruel father seeks to kill infant son. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| S52 | Cruel father-in-law. *Type 516; *Rösch FFC LXXVII 120; *BP I 46ff.; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "gendre"; Spanish: Espinosa II Nos. 99—103, 105; India: Thompson-Balys; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 85, (Smith Sound): Kroeber JAFL XII 168. |
| S11.3.4 | Cruel father, learning that he is to be killed by his son, puts to death all children born to him. (Cf. M375.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| S11 | Cruel father. *Types 451, 516, 671, 706, 725, 870; *Rösch FFC LXXVII 120; *Schlauch Constance and other accused Queens 40; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 326 n. 177. |
| S11.4.3 | Cruel fathers threaten to kill their children if they are of undesirable sex. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| S36 | Cruel foster father. Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 480. |
| S37 | Cruel foster son. (Cf. S22.1.1.) S. A. Indian (Warrau): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 146, (Jivaro): ibid. 148, (Amuesha): ibid. 150. |
| S42 | Cruel grandfather. Kills his grandchildren. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| S41 | Cruel grandmother. Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "grand'mère"; India: Thompson-Balys; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 254 No. 37. |
| S40 | Cruel grandparents. |
| S25 | Cruel grandson. |
| S62 | Cruel husband. *Type 760, 887. See references to H461. Icelandic: *Boberg; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 14; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 152; Eskimo: Boas BAM XV 188, 310, 331. |
| K811.3 | Cruel king lured to enemy's power by invitation to false execution. He comes to see a girl die and is killed himself. Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| S11.3.5 | Cruel king slays brother and brother's son. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| S12.4 | Cruel mother blinds son. Spanish Exempla: Keller; Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 99, Rasmussen I 312, III 201, Holm 31. |
| S12.5 | Cruel mother expels (drives away) child. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| S12.2 | Cruel mother kills child. Spanish: Espinosa Jr. Nos. 139, 151, 157; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| S12.6 | Cruel mother refuses children food. Eskimo (Central): Boas RBAE VI 625, (Cumberland Sound): Boas BAM XV 168; Cook Islands: Clark 77. |
| S51.1 | Cruel mother-in-law plans death of daughter-in-law. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| S51 | Cruel mother-in-law. See references to K2110.1. and K2215, many of which have the present motif. *Type 706; *BP I 295ff.; *Dickson 25 n. 26, 29 n. 3, 30 n. 4, 31 n. 9, 41 n. 40; Saintyves Perrault 67; **Däumling Studie über den Typus des Märchens ohne Hände (München, 1912); *Andree (1878) 159; Hibbard 26; Schlauch Constance and Accused Queens 40. — English: Wells 96 (Chevalere Assigne), 118 (Octovian), 130 (Emare); Rumanian: Schullerus FFC LXXVIII No. 1480*; Italian: Basile Pentamerone V No. 5, *Rotunda; India: *Thompson-Balys; Hindu: Penzer III 44f.; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera I 342, 736; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 125, 189; New Guinea: Dixon 136; S. A. Indian (Chiriguano): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 177; Cape Verde Islands: Parsons MAFLS XV (1) 180 n. 1. |
| S12 | Cruel mother. *Types 511, 590, 706, 765, 781; *BP I 551, III 2; *Boje 62f.; *Child V 475 s.v. "Cruel". — Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "mère"; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 14; Missouri French: Carrière; Spanish: Keller, Espinosa Jr. Nos. 115, 148f., Espinosa II Nos. 115f.; Italian Novella: *Rotunda; Eskimo: Rink 389, Kroeber JAFL XII 181; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 76 No. 12, 168 No. 24, 190 No. 28, (Angola): Chatelain 30 No. 1. |
| Q285.3 | Cruel mutilation punished. (Cf. Q411.5.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| S74 | Cruel nephew. Irish myth: Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller. |
| S10 | Cruel parents. *Types 327AB, 517, 832; Irish myth: Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. See also S300—S399, Abandoned or murdered children, and many of the motifs in S200—S299, Cruel sacrifices. |
| S400 | Cruel persecutions. |
| Q450 | Cruel punishments. |
| S0 | Cruel relative. |
| S50 | Cruel relatives-in-law. Chinese: Graham. |
| S200 | Cruel sacrifices. |
| S55 | Cruel sister-in-law. Chinese: Graham. |
| S21.5 | Cruel son tries to sterilize father. Jewish: *Neuman. |
| S56 | Cruel son-in-law. India: Thompson-Balys; Marquesas: Handy 126; S. A. Indian (Chiriguano): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 177. |
| S21 | Cruel son. Irish myth: Cross; Spanish: Espinosa III Nos. 139, 151, 157; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 287, 547, 632; Africa (Fang): Einstein 161. |
| S60 | Cruel spouse. |
| S30 | Cruel step- and foster relatives. |
| S33 | Cruel stepbrother. (Cf. K2211.3.) Irish myth: Cross. |
| S32 | Cruel stepfather. Type 970**; Icelandic: Boberg; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| T154 | Cruel stepmother enchants stepdaughter on eve of wedding. (Cf. D5, S31.) Icelandic: Boberg. |
| S31.4 | Cruel stepmother feeds children with fish spines (thorns) to kill them. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| S31 | Cruel stepmother. *Types 403, 425, 432, 450, 451, 480, 502, 510, 511, 516, 590, 592, 706, 708, 709, 720; BP I 42ff., 70ff., 79ff., 165ff., 207ff., 227ff., 412ff., *421, 427ff., 450ff., II 45ff., 229ff., 490ff., III 60ff., 137, 338f.; **W. Lincke Das tiefmuttermotiv im Märchen der germanischen Völker (Berlin, 1933); *MacCulloch Childhood 150; *Cox Cinderella passim; Böklen Sneewittchenstudien passim; *Arfert Unterschobene Braut passim; Rösch FFC LXXVII 120; Ranke FFC CXIV 154ff.; *Child V 497 s.v. "stepmother"; *Fb "stifmoder"; Dh III 414ff.—Irish myth: *Cross; Icelandic: *Boberg; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "marâtre"; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 14; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 63 No. 453; Italian: Basile Pentamerone I No. 6, III No. 10, V No. 8, Rotunda; Greek: Grote I 103, 116; Jewish: *Neuman, *bin Gorion Born Judas I 375; India: *Thompson-Balys; Hindu: Penzer I 185; Chinese: Ferguson 162, Eberhard FFC CXX 52f., 109, 125; Japanese: Ikeda, Anesaki 324; Korean: Zong in-Sob 201f. No. 97; Indonesia: DeVries's list No. 209, Dixon 238f.; Hawaii, Micronesia, Melanesia: ibid. 89 nn. 97—102; N. A. Indian: *Thompson CColl II 382ff.; S. A. Indian (Karib): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 147; Africa (Cameroon): Mansfield 228; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 269 No. 81. |
| S34 | Cruel stepsister(s). Icelandic: Boberg; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Graham. |
| S71.1 | Cruel uncle poisons nephew (king). Irish myth: *Cross. |
| S71 | Cruel uncle. Irish myth: *Cross; English: Wells 19 (William of Palerne); Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "oncle"; Italian Novella: *Rotunda; Greek: Aeschylus Agamemnon 1220 (Atreus); India: Thompson-Balys; Buddhist myth: Malalasekera II 447, 1303; Hindu: Keith 177; Chinese: Graham; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 422; Samoa: ibid. 473; Mono: Wheeler No. 29; N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 313 n. 127. |
| E692.5 | Cruel woman reborn as firefly. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Q285 | Cruelty punished. (Cf. E501.3.1, Q415.3.1.) Spanish: Espinosa Jr. No. 187; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Africa: Stanley 61, 103. |
| Q285.1 | Cruelty to animals punished. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| S481 | Cruelty to animals. India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 181 No. 123. |
| S185 | Cruelty to pregnant woman. Irish myth: Cross; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Q285.2 | Cruelty to sick persons punished. Finnish-Swedish: Wessman 19 No. 181. |
| R135.1 | Crumb (grain) trail eaten by birds. Lost persons cannot find way back. *Types 327, 431; Missouri French: Carrière; Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2426.1.1 | Cry of bush-cat. (See A2275.4.)—U.S.: Baughman. |
| B741.1 | Cry of giant ox impregnates all fish. Persian: Carnoy 289. |
| A2426.1.2 | Cry of squirrel. Finnish: Aarne FFC IX 3 No. 3.—Tahltan: Teit JAFL XXXII 220. |
| D2034 | Crying induced by magic as trick to force child's mother. Icelandic: Egils saga Einhenda 66, *Boberg. |
| F842.1.1 | Crystal (glass) bridge. Patch PMLA XXXIII 610 n. 30; Chauvin V 41 No. 388. |
| F165.3.5.1 | Crystal bower with "bright windows" as otherworld dwelling. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| F771.1.6 | Crystal castle. Patch PMLA XXXIII 610 n. 30; Irish myth: *Cross; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. "château", "cristal"; Persian: Carnoy 335. |
| F774.1.1 | Crystal column. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D1821.3.7.3 | Crystal-gazing. Clairvoyance by looking into crystal. Kittredge Witchcraft 185ff., 503ff. nn. *1—3, 10—24, 35, 47.—England, U.S.: Baughman; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F731.2 | Crystalline island. Arabian: Burton Nights S VII 234. |
| H1361.0.1 | Cubs furnish lion's (tiger's, etc.) milk to hero. India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| M301.5.2 | Cuchulinn prophesies birth of 50 women. Shall be loyal folk to God. Irish myth: Cross. |
| K1501.2 | Cuckold feigns to be asleep when paramour calls. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| K1514.4.2.1 | Cuckold husband hides under bed. Cent Nouvelles Nouvelles No. 4. |
| N6.2 | Cuckold loses luck. A man's wife is deceived in order that he may lose in gambling. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 81. |
| K1566.1 | Cuckold unwittingly lies with wife on chest containing her hidden paramour. Italian Novella: Rotunda; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| K1501 | Cuckold. Husband deceived by adulterous wife. Irish myth: Cross. |
| H425.1 | Cuckold's knife cannot carve boar's head. English: Child I 273. |
| J2342.2.2 | Cuckolded "as per instructions." Woman tells husband that she has become pregnant during his absence according to his own instructions. Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| K1566 | Cuckolded man shuts wife's paramour in chest and lies on the chest with latter's wife. Boccaccio Decameron VIII No. 8 (Lee 261); Italian Novella: Rotunda. |
| A1993.1 | Cuckoo a transformed baker. *Fb "bager" IV 20b. |
| A2241.4 | Cuckoo borrows food from other birds. (Cf. A2435.4.1.)—Dh III 133. |
| A2231.3.1 | Cuckoo builds nest on Annunciation Day: has no nest. (Cf. A2431.2.1.)—Dh II 6. |
| A2229.5 | Cuckoo delivers other birds from their cruel king: they agree to hatch out cuckoo's young. Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3137; Legends Nos. 253ff. |
| F989.3 | Cuckoo-clock. Bird calls out the hours. Hdwb. d. Märchens s.v. "Baum bewacht". |
| A2426.2.5 | Cuckoo's song. (See A2275.2.)—Japanese: Ikeda. |
| A2423.2.2 | Cuckoo's sweet voice. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| F816.1 | Cucumber two feet long. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| V1.10.2 | Cult of heads. Irish myth: Cross. |
| F969.5 | Cultivated places suddenly become desert. Jewish: Moreno Esdras (F964). |
| A531 | Culture hero (demigod) overcomes monsters. Norse: Boberg; Greek: Grote I 189; Irish myth: Cross, Beal XXI 327; Babylonian: Spence 158; Hindu: Keith 34, 172; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Coyajee JPASB XXIV 189; Japanese: Anesaki 303; Persian: Carnoy 287, 293, 300.—American Indian: *Thompson Tales 272 n. 1; *Farrand-Frachtenberg JAFL XXVIII 216 (N. Pac. Coast, Chinook, Kathlamet, Shoshone, Maidu, Coos, Alsea, Molala, Kalapuya); and add (Maidu) Dixon PAES IV 59 No. 2, (Joshua) Farrand-Frachtenberg JAFL XXVIII 235 No. 18, (Navaho) Alexander N. Am. 165, (Arikara) ibid. 108; Jicarilla Apache: Mooney AA old ser. XI (1898) 204; S. Am. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XXXX 4, 8, 62, 66f., 73, 77, (Tucuan): Nimuendajá BBAE CXLIII (3) 724, (Huamachuco): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 151, (Apapocuvá-Guarani): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 138. |
| A581 | Culture hero (divinity) returns. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A525.2 | Culture hero (god) slays his grandfather. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A536.1 | Culture hero (saint) defends Ireland against foreign invasions. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A522.1.1.1 | Culture hero acts as watch-dog; named "Hound". Irish myth: Cross. |
| A513.2 | Culture hero arrives (and departs) in boat. Norse: Boberg, MacCulloch Eddic 262f.; Old English: Beowulf. |
| A521 | Culture hero as dupe or trickster. Celtic: MacCulloch Celtic 30; Irish myth: Cross.—S. Am. Indian (Yunca, Peru): Alexander Lat. Am. 229, (Chiriguano): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 484; N. Am. Indian: *Thompson Tales 294 n. 78; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 20; New Hebrides: Codrington 152—166; African: Werner African 213. |
| A541.2 | Culture hero as god of agriculture. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A510.1 | Culture hero as god. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A527.3 | Culture hero as magician (drai). Irish myth: Cross. |
| F697.1 | Culture hero as marvelous ball player. Irish myth: *Cross. |
| A526.2 | Culture hero as mighty hunter. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A527.4 | Culture hero as poet (musician). Irish myth: Cross. |
| A512.3 | Culture hero as son of god. Irish myth: Cross; Greek: Grote I 94.—Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 13. |
| A566.2 | Culture hero ascends to heaven guided by blind ancestress. Maori: Beckwith Myth 249. |
| A571 | Culture hero asleep in mountain. Köhler-Bolte I 411.—Irish myth: Cross; Welsh: MacCulloch Celtic 194 (Arthur); Norse: MacCulloch Eddic 316; Eng., Scot.: Baughman. |
| A527.3.1.1 | Culture hero assumes ugly and deformed guise. S. Am. Indian (Tupinamba): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 168. |
| A531.1.1 | Culture hero banishes demons. Irish myth: Cross.—Easter Is.: Métraux Ethnology 370. |
| A531.2 | Culture hero banishes snakes. *Krappe "St. Patrick and the Snakes" Traditio V (1947) 323—330; Irish: Cross, Giraldus Cambrensis Topography of Ireland I 23, Bede Historia Ecclesiastica I 18 (St. Patrick); Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 300 No. 9, 303 No. 22. |
| A511.1.9 | Culture hero born from egg. S. Am. Indian (Jivaro): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 148, (Huamachuco): ibid. 151, (North Peru): Métraux ibid. 133. |
| A511.1.7 | Culture hero born three times. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A538 | Culture hero builds raths. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A526.1 | Culture hero can be wounded. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A527.3.1 | Culture hero can transform self. S. Am. Indian (Caingang): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (1) 473. |
| A526.8 | Culture hero can turn feet and knees backwards. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.2.2.2 | Culture hero cared for by tiger. S. Am. Indian (Yurakari): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 144. |
| A530.1 | Culture hero completes work of creator. S. Am. Indian (Guarani): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 93, (Tucuna): Nimuendajú BBAE CXLIII (3) 724. |
| A531.4 | Culture hero conquers sea monster. Chinese-Persian: Coyajee JPASB XXIV 190. |
| A511.1.4.4 | Culture hero creates a companion from a toenail. S. Am. Indian (Yurakare): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 144. |
| A1703 | Culture hero creates useful animals. S. Am. Indian (Caingang): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (1) 473. |
| A512.2 | Culture hero creator's son. Norse: MacCulloch Eddic 328.—S. Am. Indian (Ackawoi) (Orinoco): Alexander Lat. Am. 269, (Guaporé River): Levi-Strauss BBAE CXLIII (3) 378, (Guarani): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 92f. |
| A547 | Culture hero dispenses food and hospitality. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A545 | Culture hero establishes customs. India: Thompson-Balys.—Mixtec: Alexander Lat. Am. 86; S. A. Indian (Bakairi): Lévi-Strauss BBAE CXLIII (3) 347, (Tupinamba): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 93, (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 79, 367, (Mataco): Métraux ibid. 105, 367, (Cubeo): Goldman BBAE CXLIII (3) 798, (Tucuna): Nimuendajú BBAE CXLIII (3) 724. |
| A530 | Culture hero establishes law and order. Norse: Boberg; Greek: Fox 103; Jewish: Neuman. |
| A546 | Culture hero establishes social system. Persian: Carnoy 317; India Thompson-Balys. |
| A531.3 | Culture hero exterminates race of tigers. S. Am. Indian (Caingang): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 148, (Amuesha): ibid. 150, (Apapocuvu-Guarani): ibid. 138. |
| A515.5 | Culture hero fights with (encounters) son without recognizing him. |
| A525.1 | Culture hero fights with his elder brother. Ojibwa: Jones-Michelson PAES VII (1) 19. |
| E489.6 | Culture hero gambles with ruler of the afterworld: result, death or increase in game. N. A. Indian (California): Gayton and Newman 85. |
| A515.3 | Culture hero has blood brother. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A515.4 | Culture hero has faithful attendant. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A526.3 | Culture hero has irresistible beauty spot (ball seirc). Irish myth: Cross. |
| A527.2 | Culture hero has knowledge-giving member (thumb, tooth). Irish myth: Cross. |
| A524.1.1 | Culture hero has marvelous dogs. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A524.1.2 | Culture hero has marvelous horses. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A526.5 | Culture hero has seven pupils in each eye, seven toes on each foot, seven fingers on each hand. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A528 | Culture hero has supernatural helpers. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A526.4 | Culture hero has three heads of hair of different colors. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.1.2.2 | Culture hero in mother's womb indicates direction to be taken by her. S. Am. Indian (Tupinamba): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 132, (Apapacuvo-Guarani): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 139. |
| A511.1.3 | Culture hero incarnated through birth from virgin. Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 387. |
| A541.1 | Culture hero invents and teaches the Irish language. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.2.3 | Culture hero is hidden in order to escape enemies. S. Am. Indian (Bakairi): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 145, (Tembé, Kaigua): Métraux ibid. 139. |
| B635.3.1 | Culture hero licked by deer mother. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.1.8.2 | Culture hero offspring of woman and jaguar. S. Am. Indian (Eastern Brazil): Lowie BBAE CXLIII (1) 434, (Bakairi): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 145. |
| A526.7 | Culture hero performs remarkable feats of strength and skill. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.1.6 | Culture hero posthumous child. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A527.1 | Culture hero precocious. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.3.2 | Culture hero reared (educated) by extraordinary (supernatural) personages. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.3.1 | Culture hero reared in seclusion. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A510.2 | Culture hero reborn. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A533 | Culture hero regulates rivers. |
| A581.2 | Culture hero returns and aids followers in battle. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A581.1 | Culture hero returns and assists mortals. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A581.3 | Culture hero returns to prove power of saint. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A566 | Culture hero returns to upper world. S. Am. Indian (Apapocuvá-Guaraní): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 136ff., (Chiriguano): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 148f., 157. |
| A511.1.1 | Culture hero snatched from mother's side. *Dh I 11.—Finnish: Kalevala rune 1.—S. Am. Indian (Tehuelche): Alexander Lat. Am. 335, (Jivaro): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 148f., (Warrau): Métraux ibid. 146, (Kaiguа): Métraux ibid. 139, (Chiriguano): Métraux ibid. 156, (North Peru): Métraux ibid. 133, (Eastern Brazil): Lowie BBAE CXLIII (1) 434. |
| A511.1.8 | Culture hero son of animal. |
| A511.1.8.1 | Culture hero son of deer mother. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A511.1.5 | Culture hero son of mortal (half-mortal) father. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A531.1 | Culture hero spares certain evil spirits. Old Age, Cold, Poverty, and Hunger beg the culture hero not to destroy them because of their real usefulness to man.—Navaho: Matthews MAFLS V 130ff. |
| A511.1.2 | Culture hero speaks before birth. Krappe Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum LXXII (1935) 161—171.—African: Werner African 213. |
| A533.1 | Culture hero stays current of river. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A1446.0.1 | Culture hero steals tools for men. S. Am. Indian. (Tapirape): Wagley-Galvao BBAE CXLIII (3) 178. |
| A571.1 | Culture hero still alive in hollow hill. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A571.2 | Culture hero still alive on mysterious island. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A572 | Culture hero still keeps watch over earth. S. Am. Indian (Apapocuvá-Guaraní): Métraux RMLP XXXIII 138. |
| A570 | Culture hero still lives. Köhler-Bolte I 411; Irish myth: Cross. |
| A572.1 | Culture hero still resides in the zenith. S. Am. Indian (Guaraní): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 93. |
| A511.2.2.1 | Culture hero suckled by wolf. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A535 | Culture hero swallowed and recovered from animal. Irish myth: Cross; Persian: Carnoy 302. |
| A532 | Culture hero tames winds in caves. Western Mono: Gifford JAFL XXXVI 326ff. Nos. 9, 10. |
| A541 | Culture hero teaches arts and crafts. Jewish: Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys.—American Indian: in practically all the mythologies—see Thompson Tales 272 n. 1; Eskimo (Bering Strait): Nelson RBAE XVIII 456; S. Am. Indian (Maya): Alexander Lat. Am. 131ff., (Bakairi): Alexander Lat. Am. 313, (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XXXX 78, 84, 86, 112ff., Métraux BBAE CXLIII (1) 368, (Guaporé River): Lévi-Strauss BBAE CXLIII (3) 379, (Chiriguano): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 484, (Guarayú): Métraux BBAE (3) 437, (Cubeo): Goldman BBAE CXLIII (3) 789, (Cashinawa): Métraux BBAE CXLIII (3) 685.—Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 115; New Hebrides (Banks Is.): Codrington 152—166. |
| A1357 | Culture hero teaches women how to rear their children. S. Am. Indian (Toba): Métraux MAFLS XL 112f. |
| J2031.3 | Culture hero throws coconuts to various islands, but forgets one he stands on: hence none now on that island. Cook Islands: Beckwith Myth 104, cf. 270. |
| A526.5.1 | Culture hero with different colored eyes, one brown, one green. Maori: Clark 30. |
| A526.6 | Culture hero, when angry, subject to contortions. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A560 | Culture hero's (demigod's) departure. Irish myth: Cross; Finnish: Kalevala rune 50; India: Thompson-Balys. |
| A580 | Culture hero's (divinity's) expected return. Divinity or hero is expected to return at the proper time and rescue his people from their misfortunes. Often joined with A571.—*Norlind "Skattsägner".—Danish: Bolte Zs. f. Vksk. XXIX 74; Fb. "Holger Danske"; Norse: Olrik Ragnarök 108ff., 478 (Balder); Irish myth: Cross; Welsh: MacCulloch Celtic 194 (Arthur); Eng., Scot.: Baughman; Finnish: Kalevala rune 50.—Jewish: Neuman; Persian: Carnoy 339.—N. A. Indian: *Thompson Tales 274 n. 11a.; Aztec: Alexander Lat. Am. 66. |
| A524.1 | Culture hero's extraordinary animals. |
| A512.1 | Culture hero's grandmother. Eskimo (Kodiak): Golder JAFL XVI 16. |
| J1772.4 | Culture hero's pubic hair thought to be bear hair. N. A. Indian (Peoria, Kickapoo, Potawatomi): Michelson JAFL XXX 494. |
| A592 | Culture heroes and descendants. |
| A515.1 | Culture heroes brothers. Araucanian: Alexander Lat. Am. 330; N. Am. Indian: *Thompson Tales 280 n. 35. |
| A537 | Culture heroes clear plains. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A1405 | Culture originated by ancestor of tribes. Jewish: Neuman; S. Am. Indian (Tucuna): Nimuendajú BBAE CXLIII (3) 724. |
| A1401 | Culture originated by previous race of men. N. A. Indian: Kroeber JAFL XXI 226 s.v. "Departed race." |
| J555.1 | Cum grano salis. Instructions of mother followed literally by one daughter when she marries. All goes wrong. Second daughter follows them in conformity with her father's explanations and all is well. *Type 915. |
| Z20.1 | Cumulative nonsense tales. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Z49.2 | Cumulative pursuit. Boys get help. One of them injures the helper. Pursued. Hidden by kind hen. One injures the hen. Hen pursues, etc. (First ed. Z41.8.) *Taylor JAFL XLVI 87 No. 2038; Jamaica: Beckwith MAFLS XVII 264f. No. 70. |
| Z49.7 | Cumulative tale: bird who seeks carpenter to release young caught in closed tree. Beetle bites calf, calf bites cow, cow hoofs carpenter, carpenter beats wife, hunters save carpenter's cow, carpenter releases birds. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| Z50 | Cumulative tales—miscellaneous. |
| Z20 | Cumulative tales.1 Tales arranged in chains. (Kettenmärchen.) **Taylor JAFL XLVI 77ff.; *Types 2000—2199; Irish myth: *Cross; Spanish American: Boas JAFL XXV 219ff., 292f., Espinosa JAFL XXVII 222ff.; Indonesia: DeVries's list No. 316; cf. Nouvelles de Sens No. 31. |
| H941 | Cumulative tasks: second assigned so that first can be done. *Cosquin Contes indiens 474ff.; Chauvin VI 109 No. 274 n. 3; Greek: *Frazer Apollodorus I 109 n. 4; India: *Thompson-Balys. |
| Z32.4 | Cumulative: master to kill hen. She begs off; he goes to kill rooster .... goose, rabbit, toad, tiger. Chinese: Graham. |
| F348.2 | Cup given by fairy not to be broken. Bad luck will follow (Luck of Edenhall). Hartland Science 156f.; Gröning Am Urquell IV 101f., 208f.; Sprenger ibid. V 34, VI 41, *191 n. 1; Grimm Deutsche Sagen No. 547. |
| F866.4 | Cup made of skulls. Icelandic: *Boberg; Jewish: Neuman. |
| F866.5 | Cup of Gam's egg shell. (Cf. B31.2.) Icelandic: Boberg. |
| F866.1 | Cup of three hundred colors. Hartland Science 155. |
| H84.2 | Cup taken as proof that one has been present at feast. Type 306; German: Grimm No. 133. |
| A165.3.2 | Cupbearer of the gods controls waters. Irish myth: Cross. |
| A165.3.1 | Cupbearer of the gods is god of smith-work. *MacCulloch Celtic 31. |
| A165.3 | Cupbearer of the gods. Greek: Frazer Apollodorus II 37 n. 4. |
| A475.0.1 | Cupid with arrows of lead and gold. *Reinhard PMLA XXXVIII 438 n. 42. |
| D2161.4.0.1 | Cure after following instructions received from saint in dream. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| D2161.5.2.1 | Cure at shrine of Virgin Mary. Ward II 648 No. 40 and passim; *Crane Miraculis 89 No. 17. |
| D2161.5.5 | Cure by angel. (Cf. V232.) Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D2161.4.8 | Cure by burning grain where man has died. (Cf. D1787.) Or where he is buried. Kittredge Witchcraft 31, 386 n. 68. |
| D2161.5.3 | Cure by deity. India: Thompson-Balys. |
| N644 | Cure by fall which causes bleeding. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D2161.5.1 | Cure by holy man. *Kittredge Witchcraft 124ff., 449f. nn. 1—33 passim; *Toldo I 331; Irish myth: *Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: Neuman. |
| D2161.5.2.3 | Cure by milk of Virgin Mary. Ward II 613 No. 32; *Crane Miraculis 95 No. 30; English: Wells 167 (Vernon Miracles). |
| D2161.5.4 | Cure by Moses. Irish myth: Cross. |
| D2161.4.5 | Cure by passing patient through cleft of tree (other loop). (Cf. F950.3.) *Kittredge Witchcraft 148, 467 n. 92; *Oertel Studien zur vgl. Littgsch. VIII 115; Hdwb. d. Abergl. II 477 s.v. "durchkriechen"; A. F. Schmidt Hultræer i Danmark (Danske Studier 1932, 33ff.); Kr. Nyrop Kludetræet (Dania I (1890), 1ff. and 309); Irish myth: Cross; England, U.S.: *Baughman. |
| D2161.4.3 | Cure by passing through earth at crossroads. Kittredge Witchcraft 31, 386 n. 66. |
| F957 | Cure by physician's imitating sick man's actions. Pauli (ed. Bolte) No. 360. |
| D2161.4.11 | Cure by putting children on roof (in oven). *Kittredge Witchcraft 31, 385 n. 65. |
| D2161.4.18 | Cure by putting lock of patient's hair in hole of post or tree, then plugging hole with wood. U.S.: *Baughman. |
| D2161.5.2.2 | Cure by relic of Virgin Mary. Type 754*; Ward II 644 No. 3, 645 Nos. 6, 8. |
| D2161.5.7 | Cure by seventh son of seventh daughter. England: Baughman. |
| D2161.5.6 | Cure by surviving twin. England: Baughman. |
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